花生捡拾收获机降尘系统设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Dust-reducing System for Peanut Picking and Harvesting Machine

作　　者：刘斌 尚书旗[1] 谭营 王东伟[1] 何晓宁[1] 周子涵 Liu Bin;Shang Shuqi;Tan Ying;Wang Dongwei;He Xiaoning;Zhou Zihan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第3期70-75,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2021CXGC010813)。

摘　　要：针对花生捡拾收获机进行收获作业时产生大量扬尘的问题,设计了一种降尘系统。根据粉尘物理特性和花生捡拾收获机工作及结构特性,确定了降尘系统关键结构设计及参数。系统由旋风除尘器和喷淋装置组成,利用旋风除尘器将粒径在5μm以上的粉尘进行分离沉降,利用喷淋装置将粒径在5μm以下的粉尘进行分离。为确定降尘系统关键结构参数,利用CFD软件对旋风除尘器进行气流场分析,探究不同排气管深度对旋风除尘器压强场的影响。试验表明:当排气管深度为0.5m时,压强分布最为理想,旋风除尘器的降尘效果最佳。为探究花生捡拾收获机工作参数对降尘系统的影响,通过Box-Behnken建立收获机速度、风机转速、土壤湿度与降尘效率的响应面回归模型,确定最佳参数组合为:收获机速度3.95km/h,风机转速2990r/min,土壤湿度11.5%,研究结果可为降尘系统设计提供参考依据。Aiming at the problem of large amount of dust in peanut picking and harvesting machine,a dust reduction system was designed.According to the physical characteristics of dust and the working and structural characteristics of peanut picker,the key structural design and parameters of dustfall system are determined.The system consists of a cyclone dust collector and a spray device.The cyclone dust collector is used to separate and settle the dust with particle size above 5μm,and the spray device is used to separate the dust with particle size below 5μm.In order to determine the key struc-tural parameters of the dustfall system,CFD software was used to analyze the airflow field of the cyclone dust collector,and the influence of different exhaust pipe depths on the pressure field of the cyclone dust collector was explored.The test results showed that when the exhaust pipe depth was 0.5m,the pressure distribution was the most ideal,and the dustfall effect of the cyclone dust collector was the best.In order to explore the influence of working parameters of peanut harvester on dustfall system,the response surface regression model of harvester speed,fan speed,soil moisture and dust-fall efficiency was established by Box-Behnken.The optimal parameter combination was determined as follows:harvest-er speed 3.95km/h,fan speed 2990r/min,and soil moisture 11.5%,which provided reference for dustfall system de-sign.

关 键 词：花生捡拾收获机 旋风除尘器 喷淋装置 试验分析 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]