温室辣椒自动补苗机构控制系统设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of the Control System of Automatic Replanting Seedling Machine for Pepper in Greenhouse

作　　者：缪宏[1] 李孟丽 徐浩 童俊华[2] 张善文[1] 戴敏[1] Miao Hong;Li Mengli;Xu Hao;Tong Junhua;Zhang Shanwen;Dai Min(College of Mechanical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 235000,China;Faculty of Machinery and Automatic,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学机械工程学院,江苏扬州225000 [2]浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,杭州310000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第1期67-74,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-24-D-03);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2020399);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2019348);江苏省农业科技自主创新计划项目(CX[20]2016)。

摘　　要：针对辣椒培育过程中会出现一定量劣苗影响穴盘苗一致性,且目前移栽机械自动化程度低、移栽效果不理想的问题,依照农艺要求规范设计了机-电-气一体的自动补苗机构控制系统。阐述了自动补苗机构工作原理和系统结构,结合传感器和执行器布局和剔补苗运行机制设计了补苗机构控制系统软件和硬件。参照移栽手工作要求,设计气路系统并进行相关计算。对45天辣椒幼苗进行移栽补苗试验,以水平移动速率、取苗深度、含水率为试验因子,剔苗成功率、移栽成功率为衡量指标,设计三因素三水平正交试验,结果表明:水平移栽速率对剔苗成功率和移栽成功率影响较小,移栽手运行平稳,剔苗成功率平均值为94%,移栽成功率为91.1%,表明自动补苗机构性能可靠。A certain amount of poor quality seedlings will appear in the process of pepper cultivation.Seedlings grow differently will affect the consistency of plug seedlings.In addition,due to the low degree of automation of the transplanting machinery,the transplanting effect is not ideal.In order to solve these problem,a machine-electricity-pneumatic integrated automatic replanting seedling mechanism control system was designed in accordance with agronomic requirements.The working principle and mechanical structure of the automatic replanting seedling mechanism was described.Combining the layout of sensors and actuators and the operating mechanism of removing and replanting seedlings,the software and hardware of the control system for replanting seedlings was designed.According to the work requirements of transplanting claws,designed the pneumatic system and performed related calculations.The three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment were carried out on 45d pepper seedlings with the horizontal moving speed of transplanting claw,the depth of seedling clamping,the moisture content as factors,the success rate of seedlings removal,the success rate of transplanting as the evaluation indexes.The results of the orthogonal combination test showed that the horizontal moving speed had little effect on the success rate of seedlings removal and the success rate of transplanting.This indicated that the transplanting claw runs smoothly.And the automatic replanting seedling machine can achieve an average success rate of seedlings removal of 94%,and the success rate of transplanting of 91.1%,which means that the automatic replanting seedling machine had reliable performance and met the requirements of replanting operation.

关 键 词：辣椒 补苗 移栽 控制系统 

分 类 号：S223.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]