国家飞碟射击运动员运动视觉能力与专项成绩的相关性研究  

Study on the Correlation between Sports Vision Ability and Special Performance of National Clay Target Shooters

作　　者：高东旭 苑廷刚[1] 王国杰 程泓人 韩鹏鹏 刘嘉伟 陈超 GAO Dongxu;YUAN Tinggang;WANG Guojie;CHENG Hongren;HAN Pengpeng;LIU Jiawei;CHEN Chao(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China;Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]上海体育大学,上海200438 [3]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [4]武汉体育学院,湖北武汉430079 [5]北京体育大学,北京100084 [6]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第10期3-12,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本23-29)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨国家飞碟射击运动员运动视觉能力与专项成绩的关系。方法:通过Senaptec系统测评国家飞碟射击队32名运动员(男14人,女18人)运动视觉能力指标,以3场2023年国际射联世界杯选拔赛资格赛成绩均值反映其专项成绩,采用多元线性逐步回归分析二者的相关性。结果:1)运动员的优势手反应时与专项成绩相关性最高,呈近似线性正相关(r=0.916,P<0.001),决策机制(go/no go)正确点击数量、远近切换得分与专项成绩呈非常高度正相关(r=0.800~0.856,P<0.01),决策机制整体得分、多目标追踪比例得分、感知范围数量、手眼协调平均反应时、反应时均值与专项成绩呈高度正相关(r=0.520~0.609,P<0.01)。对比敏感度等其他指标与专项成绩呈中度正相关(r=0.363~0.487,P<0.05)。决策机制错误点击数量与专项成绩具有高度负相关性(r=0.510,P<0.01)。2)左、右眼视觉清晰度、远近切换得分、近端切换平均反应时、多目标追踪比例得分、多目标追踪极限速度、手眼协调平均反应时、决策机制整体得分、决策机制正确点击数量、平均反应时、优势手反应时中表现优异的运动员专项成绩较好(P<0.05)。3)优势手反应时、决策机制正确点击数量、双眼视觉清晰度、对比敏感度、感知范围、多目标追踪是预测飞碟射击运动员专项成绩的关键变量(R2=95.59%,P<0.001)。结论:国家飞碟射击运动员的专项成绩受到运动视觉能力不同程度的影响。视觉清晰度、远近切换、多目标追踪、手眼协调、决策机制、反应时对飞碟射击专项成绩具有显著影响,优势手反应时、决策机制、感知范围、多目标追踪视觉能力对于提升飞碟射击运动员专项成绩表现至关重要。Objective:To explore the relationship between sports vision ability and special performance of national clay target shooters.Methods:The sports vision ability of 32 athletes(14 male,18 female)of the national clay target shooting team was evaluated by Senaptec system,their special performance was reflected by the average results of three World Cup qualifiers,and the correlation was analyzed by multiple linear stepwise regression.Results:1)The athletes’dominant hand reaction time had the highest correlation with the special performance,showing an approximate linear positive correlation(r=0.916,P<0.001),and the number of correct clicks of the decision mechanism(go/no go)and the near/far quickness score had a very high positive correlation with the special performance(r=0.800~0.856,P<0.01),the overall score of go/no go,the score of multi-object tracking ratio,the number of perceptual span,the mean reaction time of hand-eye coordination,and the mean reaction time were highly positively correlated with the special performance(r=0.520~0.609,P<0.01).Contrast sensitivity and other indexes were moderately positive correlated with the special performance(r=0.363~0.487,P<0.05).There was a high negative correlation between the number of wrong clicks of the go/no go and the special performance(r=0.510,P<0.01).2)Athletes with excellent performance in left and right eye visual acuity,near/far quickness score,near quickness reaction time,multi-object tracking ratio score,multi-object tracking fastest speed,hand-eye coordination average reaction time,overall score of go/no go,number of correct clicks of go/no go,mean reaction time and domi‐nant hand reaction time could achieve better special performance(P<0.05).3)Dominant hand reaction time,number of correct clicks of the go/no go,binocular visual clarity,contrast sensi‐tivity,perceptual range and multi-target tracking were the key variables to predict the special perfor‐mance of clay target shooters(R2=95.59%,P<0.001).Conclusions:The special performance of national clay t

关 键 词：运动视觉能力 飞碟射击 运动表现 反应时 测试评价 

分 类 号：G871.3[文化科学—体育训练]