基于量纲分析法的动能弹侵彻深度计算公式  

Calculation Formula of Penetration Depth of Kinetic Energy Projectile Based on Dimensional Analysis

作　　者：戴银所 DAI Yinsuo(College of National Defense Engineering,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学国防工程学院,江苏南京210007

出　　处：《弹道学报》2023年第4期97-104,共8页Journal of Ballistics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M562586);陆军工程大学基础前沿科技创新项目(KYFYJQZL2202)。

摘　　要：为了克服现有的动能弹侵彻深度经验公式存在的适用条件有限、局限性较大等方面的不足,考虑动能弹侵彻过程与布氏硬度钢球压入过程具有相似的破坏形式,基于能量守恒和转化定律以及动能原理,采用量纲分析法,依托布氏硬度计算公式推导了动能弹侵彻深度计算公式,并提出了侵彻效率和侵彻效率系数的概念。分别选取多组半球形和截卵形弹头动能弹中低速侵彻岩石、金属和混凝土的文献数据,考虑不同类型材料硬度的表征方法,计算侵彻效率系数和侵彻效率,并对侵彻效率与速度的相关性进行了评价。计算结果表明:动能弹侵彻岩石、高强钢、铝合金、混凝土的侵彻效率分别在1.19%~2.27%、1.13%~2.03%、0.71%~4.77%和4.49%~13.0%范围内;通过数据拟合,发现同一种类型动能弹侵彻效率与弹丸速度有较好的相关性,大部分可决系数都超过0.74;使用不同规格弹丸侵彻相同靶体材料时,侵彻效率与速度拟合关系的系数离散性都很小,岩石、高强钢、铝合金、混凝土的变异系数分别为0.07、0.23、0.16、0.19;计算结果说明推导出的动能弹侵彻深度计算公式合理可靠。The empirical formulas of penetration depth have shortcomings such as constrained applicable conditions and many limitations.A calculation formula of penetration depth by kinetic energy projectile was established based on dimensional analysis and Brinell hardness formula since the damage process of kinetic energy projectile penetration is similar to that of steel ball penetration of Brinell hardness.The concept of penetration efficiency and penetration efficiency coefficient were introduced based on the law of conservation and transformation of energy as well as kinetic energy principle.Considering the characterization method of different material hardness,several groups of literature data of rock,metal and concrete,which were impacted at medium-low speed by semi-sphere nose and truncated ogival nose projectile,were selected respectively.The penetration efficiency coefficient and the penetration efficiency were analyzed.Then,the correlation between the penetration efficiency and the velocity was evaluated.The results show that the penetration efficiency on rock,high-strength steel,aluminum alloy and concrete range from 1.19%~2.27%,1.13%~2.03%,0.71%~4.77%and 4.49%~13.0%,respectively.As the same type kinetic energy projectile,there is a good correlation between the penetration efficiency and the velocity,most of determination coefficient exceed 0.74.With different projectile on same target,the coefficient dispersion of the fitting relationship between the penetration efficiency and the velocity is very small.The coefficient variation of rock,high-strength steel,aluminum alloy and concrete are 0.07,0.23,0.16 and 0.19,respectively.The results show that the calculation formula of penetration depth by kinetic energy projectile is reasonable.

关 键 词：动能弹 侵彻 量纲分析 侵彻效率 相关性 变异系数 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]