游戏人类学视角下东西方足球的文化类型学解读  

A Game Anthropology View on the Hedging Relationship between Football and Cuju

作　　者：路云亭 LU Yun-ting

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学新闻与传播学院,上海200438

出　　处：《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2023年第6期1-10,共10页Journal of Harbin Sport University

摘　　要：本文基于社会学、人类学、叙事学研究视角,将足球置于一种文明演进与自然进化的角度来考察,认为足球与狩猎文明的关系很紧密,足球是对早期人类乃至猎食类动物狩猎的戏仿现象,以高风险为表征,所以一直男性为主体成员。球类运动皆与狩猎行为相关。狩猎行为有动物学内涵,而足球自身有发达的仿生学内涵,其主体功能体现在对人类乃至其他猎食类生物狩猎行为的戏仿层面。狩猎的主体特征体现在高风险、小概率以及偶然性层面,而农耕文明则高度强调安全、大概率以及必然性内涵。这也是英式足球与东亚蹴鞠的深层次文化定义的差异之处。狩猎文明滋生了法理秩序,农耕文明则派生出道德体系。足球弘扬的是一种竞争的自然性,而蹴鞠展示是一种妥协的自然性。两者足球范式展示出了两种截然不同的文化原型意义。This article uses sociological,anthropological,and narrative research methods to examine football from the perspective of civilization evolution and natural evolution.It is believed that the relationship between football and hunting civilization is very close.Football is a parody of early human and even hunting animals,characterized by high risk,so men have always been the main members.Ball games are all related to hunting behavior.Hunting behavior has zoological connotations,while football itself has developed bionic connotations,and its main function is reflected in the parody of hunting behavior of humans and other predatory organisms.The main characteristics of hunting are reflected in high risk,low probability,and contingency,while agricultural civilization highly emphasizes safety,probability,and inevitability.This is also the difference in the deep cultural definition between English football and East Asian cuju.The hunting civilization gave birth to legal order,while the agricultural civilization gave birth to a moral system.Football promotes a competitive nature,while cuju showcases a compromising nature.The two football paradigms demonstrate two completely different cultural prototype meanings.

关 键 词：游戏人类学 球类游戏 文化类型 狩猎风险 农耕文明 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]