数字身份的泛在形态及其伦理风险治理研究  

Research on the Ubiquitous Form of Digital Identity and Its Ethical Risk Governance

作　　者：张峰[1] 杨丽 ZHANG Feng;YANG Li(School of Marxism,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期9-18,共10页Journal of Hohai University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2015AA020);华中科技大学自主创新研究基金(人文社科)重点专项项目(2015AE025)。

摘　　要：数字身份是以数字化形式存在的身份形态,与网络空间相伴而生。网络无处不在、无时不在的泛在特征使数字身份呈现出云形态、微形态、超文本形态、可视化形态和碎片化形态,为人们生产生活带来便利的同时,也在一定程度上存在伦理风险。数字身份的不合理应用总体指向了认同、隐私、自由和正义等4个伦理议题:数字身份弱化了人的自我认同和社会认同,造成了“整合型隐私”保护困境及“隐私悖论”,遮蔽了主体的自由意志和社会遗忘能力,隐含了“数据偏差”和“算法逻辑”不正义等问题。随着互联网日益普及,传统身份逐步向数字身份转型,加强数字身份伦理风险治理成为重要的时代议题。在新发展阶段,应充分利用技术、法律、伦理的协作互动,实现数字身份伦理风险的协同治理,提升数字社会认同感,维护数字身份隐私权,克服数字身份的异化,消解算法逻辑的歧视性影响,使其更好服务于社会政治经济发展和满足人民的美好生活需要。从技术治理层面来看,要加强技术的创新和发展,克服技术自身存在的负效应;从法律治理层面来看,应坚持权利与义务辩证统一的立法原则,为数字身份应用提供法律保障;从伦理治理层面来看,各个主体要加强自我约束,自觉成为数字身份治理的重要补充力量。Digital identity exists in a digitized form,coexisting with cyberspace.The ubiquitous nature of the internet,omnipresent at all times,presents digital identities in forms such as cloud-based,micro-based,hypertext-based,visualized,and fragmented.While enhancing convenience in human life and production,it also entails certain ethical risks.The unreasonable application of digital identity primarily targets four ethical issues:identity,privacy,freedom,and justice.Specifically,it manifests as the weakening of personal and societal identity,leading to a dilemma in integrative privacy protection and the privacy paradox.It obscures individuals’free will and societal ability to forget,implying issues of data bias and unjust algorithmic logic.With the increasing prevalence of the internet,traditional identities are gradually transitioning towards digital identities,making the enhancement of ethical risk governance related to digital identities a crucial topic of our time.In this new developmental phase,there should be a comprehensive utilization of collaborative interactions among technology,law,and ethics to achieve the coordinated governance of ethical risks associated with digital identity.This involves enhancing the sense of digital social identity,safeguarding digital identity privacy rights,overcoming the alienation of digital identity,mitigating the discriminatory impacts of algorithmic logic,enabling it to better serve socio-political-economic development,and meeting the aspirations for a better life among people.From a technological governance perspective,there is a need to reinforce technological innovation and development while overcoming the inherent negative effects of technology.On the legal governance front,it is crucial to uphold the legislative principle of balancing rights and obligations,providing legal safeguards for digital identity applications.From an ethical governance standpoint,all stakeholders must strengthen self-restraint and consciously become an essential complementary force in the governan

关 键 词：数字身份 泛在形态 伦理风险 协同治理 

分 类 号：B082[哲学宗教—哲学理论]