地下硐室浅孔爆破方案设计及数值模拟  

Scheme design and numerical simulation of shallow hole blasting in underground chamber

作　　者：马国强 张成俊 昂朝明 余和平 MA Guoqiang;ZHANG Chengjun;ANG Chaoming;YU Heping(Anhui Jiangnan Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Ningguo 242300,China;CCTEG Huaibei Blasting Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Huaibei 235000,China;Anhui Key Laboratory of Explosive Energy Utilization and Control,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽江南爆破工程有限公司,安徽宁国242300 [2]中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司,安徽淮北235000 [3]爆炸能量利用与控制安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《煤矿爆破》2023年第4期5-10,33,共7页Coal Mine Blasting

摘　　要：针对地下矿山硐室底板浅孔爆破整平工况,采用中心多段掏槽、周边孔延期爆破方式一次性实现浅孔爆破施工作业,通过结合现场实际情况与理论计算得出爆破设计参数,其中对掏槽区域进行专门设计,优化掏槽方式以保障掏槽区域岩石顺利抛掷并为后排炮孔提供自由面。为验证设计的合理性,设计人员使用LS-DYNA数值模拟软件建立浅孔爆破三维有限元模型,对爆破设计进行数值仿真分析。结果表明:岩石模型受爆破冲击作用后材料失效明显,有效应力高于岩石失效条件,炮孔周围压缩失效,炮孔间成缝贯通,破碎均匀;现场爆破施工完成后,爆堆松散集中,岩石破碎均匀,炮孔利用率达到72%~82%,爆破效果较为理想,为此类工程的爆破设计提供参考。In view of the leveling condition of shallow hole blasting in underground mine chamber floor,the construction operation of shallow hole blasting is realized by using the method of central multi-section cutting and peripheral hole delay blasting.The blasting design parameters are obtained by combining the actual situation and theoretical calculation.The cutting area is specially designed,and the cutting method is optimized to ensure the smooth throwing of the rock in cutting area and provide free surface for the back hole.In order to verify the rationality of the design,the designer uses LS-DYNA numerical simulation software to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of shallow hole blasting,and carries out numerical simulation analysis on the blasting design.The results show that the material failure is obvious after the blasting in of the rock model,the effective stress is higher than the rock failure condition,the compression around the blast holes fails,the blast holes are connected with seams,the crushing is uniform;after the field blasting construction,the blast pile is loose and concentrated,and the rock is evenly broken,and the utilization rate of the blast hole is 72%-82%.The blasting effect is relatively ideal,which provides a reference for the blasting design of similar projects.

关 键 词：浅孔爆破 LS-DYNA 爆破参数 起爆网路 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]