夏季南方妊娠猪舍垂直通风设计及测试分析  

Design and Test Analysis of Vertical Ventilation for Gestation Piggery in South China in Summer

作　　者：胡孝艳 解天 李修松 李保明 崔维浩 杨卫平[3] 杨玉鹏 HU Xiaoyan;XIE Tian;LI Xiusong;LI Baoming;CUI Weihao;YANG Weiping;YANG Yupeng(Qingdao Big Herdsman Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shangdong 266000,China;Qingdao Jimo Bei'an Sub-district Office,Qingdao,Shangdong 266000,China;School of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Environment,College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大牧人机械股份有限公司,山东青岛266000 [2]即墨区北安街道办事处,山东青岛266000 [3]江西农业大学工学院,江西南昌330045 [4]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第12期78-84,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD0500700);国家自然科学基金(31960683)。

摘　　要：为解决垂直通风猪舍设计过程中存在的气流组织设计不合理、通风量计算不准确和环控设备配置不匹配等一系列问题,本文使用理论计算的方法对广西壮族自治区某垂直通风妊娠母猪舍进行了设计,并采用现场实测方法验证理论计算模型及该通风模式的运行效果。试验结果表明,垂直通风自上而下的气流组织能改善舍内前后温差大,温度分布不均匀,NH_(3)、CO_(2)浓度高的问题。该通风模式可将夏季舍内温度总体控制在25.4~31.9℃,风速范围在0.7~1.0 m/s之间,且二者分布相对均匀;NH_(3)、CO_(2)平均浓度均小于国家标准规定的妊娠舍空气污染物浓度极限水平;舍内平均温湿指数(THI)维持在68~76,猪群处于无热应激或轻度热应激状态,且猪只皮温及呼吸频率表现良好,满足猪群在夏季热环境下的生理需求。综上所述,本文所设计的理论计算模型是正确的,同时该垂直通风模式能有效改善舍内环境,为猪只提供相对适宜的生长环境。To solve a series of problems in the process of vertical ventilation design such as design of air distribution,ventilation rate calculation and environmental control equipment,this experiment used the theoretical calculation to design a gestation piggery with vertical ventilation in Guangxi autonomous region,and the theoretical calculation model and the operation effect of the ventilation mode were verified by field measurement.The results showed that compared with horizontal ventilation,vertical ventilation from top to bottom can effectively solve the problems of large temperature difference,uneven temperature distribution,and high NH 3 and CO_(2)concentration in the piggery.In this ventilation mode,the overall temperature in the piggery in summer was controlled between 25.4℃and 31.9℃,and the wind speed was between 0.8 m/s and 1.0 m/s,the distribution of the two is relatively uniform.The average concentration of ammonia(NH_(3))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is lower than the limit level of air pollutant concentration of gestation piggery stipulated by the national standard.The average temperature and humidity index(THI)was between 68 and 76,and the pigs were in the state of no heat stress or mild heat stress,and the skin temperature and respiratory rate of pigs were good,which met the physiological requirements of pigs in summer heat environment.In conclusion,the theoretical calculation model designed in this paper is correct,and the vertical ventilation model can effectively improve the piggery environment and provide a relatively favorable growing environment for pigs.

关 键 词：垂直通风 设计 妊娠猪舍 空气质量 生理指标 

分 类 号：S828.46[农业科学—畜牧学]