19世纪欧美农业革命与天然氮肥贸易的兴衰  

Agricultural Revolution in Europe and the United States During the 19th Century and the Rise and Fall of Natural Nitrogen Fertilizer Trade

作　　者：吕富渊 Lv Fuyuan

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院

出　　处：《农业考古》2023年第6期176-182,共7页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“19世纪英国动物疫病防治研究”(项目编号:21XSS007)。

摘　　要：天然氮肥贸易是19世纪后期全球经济的一个重要内容。19世纪天然氮肥从南美洲地区大规模流向欧美发达资本主义国家,是西方资本主义农业发展的必然要求,同时也是西方殖民主义贸易霸权主导的结果。天然氮肥的全球流动体现了世界体系中核心国家对边缘国家自然资源与劳动力的双重剥削。氮肥贸易保障了西方国家的农业革命,而给南美洲地区带来的是经济发展落后与生态破坏。The flow of natural nitrogen fertilizer was an important content of the global economy in the late 19th century.The large-scale flow of natural nitrogen fertilizer from South America to the developed capitalist countries in Europe and the United States was an inevitable requirement for the development of Western capitalist agriculture,and it was also the result of the dominance of Western colonialist trade hegemony.The global flow of natural nitrogen fertilizer reflected the dual exploitation of natural resources and labor by the core countries in the world system for the peripheral countries.The flow of nitrogen fertilizer guaranteed the agricultural revolution in Western countries,but brought economic backwardness and ecological damage to South America.

关 键 词：天然氮肥 欧美农业 南美洲 

分 类 号：K504[历史地理—历史学]