不同饲料对花绒寄甲生长发育、繁殖和成虫肠道细菌群落的影响  

Effects of different diets on the growth and development,reproduction and the adult intestinal bacterial community of Dastarcus helophoroides

作　　者：郭佳丽 张岑钰 张猛 唐光辉[1] 张正青[1] GUO Jia-Li;ZHANG Cen-Yu;ZHANG Meng;TANG Guang-Hui;ZHANG Zheng-Qing(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第11期1467-1481,共15页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001323);“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1401002)。

摘　　要：【目的】花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides目前已实现室内人工饲养扩繁,然而,不同配方饲料对花绒寄甲成虫及后代生长发育影响显著。根据花绒寄甲成虫在野外条件下食物来源配制的人工饲料,是否适用于现阶段长期室内饲养种群生长发育有待进一步研究。本研究旨在探讨不同饲料对花绒寄甲生长发育、繁殖以及成虫肠道细菌群落的影响,为优化饲料配方提供理论基础。【方法】配制6种不同配方饲料[干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水40 mL(Ⅰ)、木粉5 g+干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水35 mL(Ⅱ)、蚕蛹粉10 g+干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水30 mL(Ⅲ)、大麦虫Zophobas atratus干粉10 g+干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水30 mL(Ⅳ)、木粉5 g+蚕蛹粉10 g+干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水25 mL(Ⅴ)和木粉5 g+大麦虫干粉10 g+干酵母10 g+蔗糖3 g+琼脂3 g+冻干蛋黄粉9 g+纯净水25 mL(Ⅵ)]饲喂花绒寄甲新羽化成虫,以未取食饲料的新羽化成虫作为对照组,统计花绒寄甲亲代成虫体重、体长、体宽、64 d内累计死亡率、产卵前期、单雌日均产卵量和64 d内单雌总产卵量,并统计花绒寄甲子一代孵化率、幼虫寄生率、结茧率、幼虫历期、茧期和羽化率;同时,利用Illumina NovaSeq对取食不同饲料花绒寄甲新羽化成虫肠道细菌16S rDNA的V4-V5变异区进行测序,分析肠道细菌多样性、物种组成和群落结构差异,进行细菌基因功能预测;对核心肠道细菌丰度与各项生理指标进行关联分析,解析与花绒寄甲生长发育和繁殖具有关联性较高的肠道细菌。【结果】取食饲料Ⅵ的花绒寄甲成虫体重最大,为0.0287 g;64 d内单雌总产卵量最高,可达1199.03粒,取食饲料Ⅳ的次之,为1068.19粒,取食饲料Ⅰ和Ⅲ的最低,分别为756.11和732.61粒。取食饲料Ⅲ的成虫体长最�【Aim】The artificial breeding and propagation of Dastarcus helophoroides have been successfully achieved indoors.However,different diet formulae have significant effects on the growth and development of D.helophoroides adults and their offspring.According to the artificial diets allocated by D.helophoroides adults under field conditions,whether they are suitable for the growth and development of long-term indoor breeding population at this stage needs to be further studied.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different diets on the growth and development,reproduction and the adult intestinal bacterial community of D.helophoroides,so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing diet formula.【Methods】Six different diet formulae[dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 40 mL(Ⅰ),wood flour 5 g+dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 35 mL(Ⅱ),silkworm pupa powder 10 g+dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 30 mL(Ⅲ),dry powder of Zophobas atratus 10 g+dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 30 mL(Ⅳ),wood flour 5 g+silkworm pupa powder 10 g+dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 25 mL(Ⅴ)and wood flour 5 g+dry powder of Z.atratus 10 g+dry yeast 10 g+sucrose 3 g+agar 3 g+freeze-dried egg yolk powder 9 g+purified water 25 mL(Ⅵ)]were prepared and used to feed the newly emerged adult of D.helophoroides,using the newly emerged adult of D.helophoroides fed with no diet as the control group.Parameters including the adult body weight,body length,body width,cumulative mortality in 64 d,pre-oviposition period,average daily number of eggs laid per female and total number of eggs laid per female in 64 d of the parental generation were recorded.Additionally,parameters including the hatching rate,larval parasitism rate,cocooning rate,larval duration,cocoon period,and eclosion r

关 键 词：花绒寄甲 人工饲料 肠道微生物 16S rDNA 生长发育 繁殖 

分 类 号：Q965.8[生物学—昆虫学]