帝国遗产、身份叙事与吉尔吉斯斯坦民族主义析论  

Imperial Legacy,Identity Narrative,and Nationalism in Kyrgyzstan

作　　者：尹如玉 于春洋[2] YIN Ruyu;YU Chunyang(China Open Economy Research Institute,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136,China;School of Liberal Arts,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学中国开放经济研究院,辽宁沈阳110136 [2]燕山大学文法学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第6期17-30,共14页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金重大项目“马克思主义经典作家关于民族国家与多民族国家的重要文献整理及当代意义研究”(21&ZD211);辽宁大学青年科研基金一般项目“后苏联空间中‘软制衡’理论的内在逻辑与实证分析”(LDQN2020005)

摘　　要：吉尔吉斯斯坦是中亚五国中经济发展相对滞后、政治局势相对不稳定的国家之一。民族主义在吉尔吉斯斯坦的政治生态和社会生活中扮演着重要角色。民族主义被吉国当局及反对派用来制造公民群体的排他性和族裔群体的差异性,身份叙事成为推动叙事者(政权精英)与听众(普通民众)促进或反对某一群体共识的政治安排。分析表明,吉国民族主义具有公民民族主义对外排他性、主体民族与非主体民族共生关系脆弱性以及主体民族内部矛盾性等特征。吉国建构现代国家的公民身份叙事,与古已有之的传统部落部族身份叙事之间的矛盾与冲突,构成理解吉尔吉斯斯坦成为民族主义重灾区的基本逻辑。摆脱帝国遗产、重构身份叙事,从而把民族主义情感引向理性之路,或许是吉尔吉斯斯坦走出民族主义泥沼、建构现代民族国家的努力方向。Kyrgyzstan is one of the five countries in Central Asia with relatively lagging economic development,and it is also one of the countries with a relatively unstable political situation.Nationalism plays an important role in Kyrgyzstan's political and social life.Nationalism is used by the Kyrgyzstan authorities and opposition to create exclusivity among citizen groups and differences among ethnic groups.Identity narrative becomes a political arrangement that drives narrators(regime elites)and audiences(ordinary people)to promote or oppose the consensus of a certain group.The analysis shows that Kyrgyzstan nationalism combines issues such as the external exclusivity of citizen nationalism,the fragility of the symbiotic relationship between the subject nation and non-subject nation,and the internal contradictions of the subject nation.The contradictions and conflicts between Kyrgyzstan's citizenship narrative of constructing a modern country and the ancient traditional tribal identity narrative form the narrative logic for understanding Kyrgyzstan's serious nationalism.Getting rid of the imperial legacy and reconstructing the identity narrative,thereby guiding nationalist emotions to a rational path,may be the direction of Kyrgyzstan's efforts to overcome nationalism and build a modern country.

关 键 词：民族主义 身份叙事 帝国遗产 吉尔吉斯斯坦 

分 类 号：D03[政治法律—政治学]