全球轨道交通装备产业创新竞争态势与我国专利布局研究  

Study on Innovation Competition Situation of Global Railway Transportation Equipment Industry and Patent Layout in China

作　　者：陈家喜 李正会 李筑艳[1] 张辉 邵广盛 CHEN Jiaxi;LI Zhenghui;LI Zhuyan;ZHANG Hui;SHAO Guangsheng(School of Information,Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025;Taylor’s Business School,Taylor’s University,Kuala Lumpur 47500;Postdoctoral Scientific Research Station,Shijihengtong Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550014;Guizhou Normal University Library,Guiyang 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学信息学院,贵阳550025 [2]泰莱大学泰莱商学院,吉隆坡47500 [3]世纪恒通科技股份有限公司博士后科研工作站,贵阳550014 [4]贵州师范大学图书馆,贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国发明与专利》2023年第12期36-45,共10页China Invention & Patent

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技计划项目“视频图像无感生理特征检测及分析技术在工地安全生产中的应用研究”(编号:黔科合支撑[2023]一般372);贵州省教育厅2023年度贵州省高校科学研究项目“贵州省高等学校智能计算与监测预警技术创新团队”(编号:黔教技[2023]063号)资助。

摘　　要：轨道交通装备产业是高端制造装备产业的重要组成部分,为了解其竞争态势和布局状况并探讨其未来发展趋势,本文利用PatSnap专利数据库,选取申请趋势、地域分布、申请人排名、法律状态等指标,利用Gephi软件和R语言进行专利的技术构成共现、技术热点演变分析和结果的可视化分析展示。研究结果显示,全球和中国轨道交通装备产业专利申请都处于持续增长态势,中国、德国、日本和美国是该产业专利的主要申请国,其中中国以183022件的数量排名第一;中国中车、加拿大庞巴迪、德国西门子等为代表的巨头公司霸占了全球约82%的市场份额;专利技术构成集中在IPC的B部(作业;运输)和E部(固定建筑物);技术热点聚焦于轨道交通、转向架、控制系统等方面;处于授权保护状态的专利占比较低,专利整体质量较弱。最后,基于研究发现针对我国轨道交通装备产业发展提出了专利布局的建议。Railway transportation equipment industry is an important part of high-end manufacturing equipment industry.In order to understand its competitive situation and patent layout and explore its future development trend,this paper uses PatSnap patent database,selects the application trend,geographical distribution,applicant rankings,legal status and other indicators,and utilizes the Gephi software and R language to carry out the technical composition of patents,the analysis of the evolution of the technical hotspot and the results of the co-occurrence of Visualization analysis and display.The research results show that the number of patent applications of global and Chinese railway transportation equipment industry are in a continuous growth trend.China,Germany,Japan and the United States are the main applicant countries of this industry,among which China ranks first with 183,022 applications;the giant companies represented by China CNR,Bombardier of Canada,and Siemens of Germany dominate about 82%of the global market share;and the technical composition of the patents concentrates in the Part B(operation;transportation)and Part E(fixed buildings)of IPC;the technical hotspots focus on railway transportation,bogies,control systems,etc.;the proportion of patents in force is relatively small,and the overall quality of patents is low.Finally,based on the research findings,the suggestions are put forward for the patent layout of China’s railway transportation equipment industry.

关 键 词：专利分析 轨道交通装备 专利布局 演化分析 共现分析 

分 类 号：F426.4[经济管理—产业经济] G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学] U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]