扣板式扣件力学特性及优化设计  

Mechanical Characteristics and Optimized Design of Pinch Plate Rail Fastening

作　　者：叶松[1] YE Song(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉430063

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第11期51-56,共6页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司科技研发课题(2019K011,2021K004)。

摘　　要：针对扣板式扣件使用现场出现的病害,结合其结构特点,建立可考虑各部件复杂相互作用关系的走行轨扣件系统精细化有限元分析模型,研究扣板式扣件的力学特性,提出设计优化措施并验证优化效果。研究结果表明,标准设计状态下,走行轨扣件系统各部件力学性能满足要求,但螺旋道钉、铁垫板及承轨梁的受力较大,钢轨、扣板、螺旋道钉等部件垂向变形较大,存在进一步优化空间。优化措施是将铁垫板厚度优化至20 mm,且不宜超过25 mm,铁垫板材料优化为QT450-10球墨铸铁件材质;轨下橡胶垫板刚度取1000 kN/mm,并采用聚酯耐磨型传送带材料。相较于优化前,优化后走行轨扣件系统受力最大减小了71.5%,变形最大减小了81.8%。现场整治应用情况表明,优化整治后走行轨轨面线形良好,扣件系统现场服役状态良好。In response to the on-site diseases of pinch plate rail fastening,combined with their structural characteristics,a refined finite element analysis model of the running rail fastener system that can consider the complex interaction relationship of various components was established.The mechanical characteristics of pinch plate rail fastening were studied,design optimization measures were proposed,and the optimization results were verified.The results show that under the standard design state,the mechanical properties of each component of the running rail fastening system meet the requirements,but the stress on spiral spikes,iron pads,and rail beams is relatively large,and the vertical deformation of components such as steel rails,gussets,and spiral spikes is significant.There is room for further optimization.The thickness of the iron pad should be optimized to 20 mm which will not exceed 25 mm,and the material of the iron pad should be optimized to QT450-10 ductile iron casting material.The stiffness of the rubber pad under the rail is taken as 1000 kN/mm,and polyester wear-resistant conveyor belt material is used.Compared to that before optimization,the maximum force reduction and deformation reduction of the rail fastening system were 71.5% and 81.8% respectively after optimization.The on-site rectification application shows that the line shape of the running rail surface is good after optimization and rectification,and the fastening system is in good service condition on site.

关 键 词：走行轨系统 扣板式扣件 有限元分析 力学特性 优化设计 铁垫板 橡胶垫板 

分 类 号：U213.53[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]