不同种子预处理、培养温度及基质对两种沙棘种子萌发的影响  

Effect of Different Seed Pretreatment Conditions on Its Germination of Two Cultivar Types in Hippophae rhamnoides L.

作　　者：马迎梅 赵子涵 张娜 张硕 韩峰 孙耀文 MA Yingmei;ZHAO Zihan;ZHANG Na;ZHANG Shuo;HAN Feng;SUN Yaowen(Key Laboratory of Desert Ecosystem Restoration and Protection,College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010010,P.R.China;College of Grassland Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010010,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业局重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2023年第6期22-30,共9页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金(2022MS03056);内蒙古农业大学青年教师科研能力提升专项资助(BR2201444)。

摘　　要：为解决沙棘育种中种子萌发率较低的问题,以2个沙棘品种(大果沙棘和中国沙棘),通过不同水温(0、40、50℃)和硫酸浓度(0、1.0%、3.0%、5.0%)浸种处理后,分别置于培养皿和土壤中在培养温度为25℃和35℃的培养箱内进行种子萌发实验并测定其种子萌发率、种子活力指数、发芽势和初始发芽天数,以探明不同种子预处理对其种子萌发指标的影响并筛选沙棘种子萌发的最佳预处理方法和培养条件。结果显示:(1)不同水温浸种后,2个沙棘品种在土壤中的发芽率显著高于在培养皿中,而培养皿中的种子活力指数和发芽势显著高于在土壤中且种子的初始发芽天数减少。在土壤中,除了50℃浸种、35℃培养条件外,其余处理随浸种水温的升高,大果沙棘的发芽率显著提高,而中国沙棘则表现出相反的趋势。升高的培养温度对于提高其发芽率效果不明显。当浸种水温度为50℃、培养温度为25℃时,大果沙棘在土壤中的发芽率最高(45%)。(2)大果沙棘品种经由不同浓度的硫酸处理后,在25℃的培养箱内发芽率显著高于35℃,且在培养皿中的发芽率显著高于在土壤中;中国沙棘则呈现出相反的规律。研究结果表明:经由1%的硫酸处理后,在培养皿中25℃培养下的大果沙棘的种子发芽率最高(62%),培养皿中的沙棘种子的活力指数和发芽势显著高于土壤中,且初始发芽天数显著低于土壤中。In order to solve the problem of low seed germination rate during seabuckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)breeding,seeds of two seabuckthorn cultivars(Large fruit seabuckthorn and China seabuckthorn)were soaked in water with different temperature(0,40,50℃)and sulfuric acid concentration(0,1%,3%,5%)which cultured in an incubator under temperature of 25℃and 35℃by placing them at petri dishes and soil,respectively.Their seed germination rate,seed vigor index,seed viability,and initial seed germination days were measured to screen the best pretreatments and culturing conditions to improve seabuckthorn seed germination.The results showed that the germination rate of two seabuckthorn cultivars in soil was significantly higher than cultured in petri dish after soaking in water with different temperature while the seed vigor index and seed viability in petri dish were significantly higher than in soil and the initial germination days were reduced in petri dish.Except for the treatment combination of soaking temperature as 50℃and culturing temperature as 35℃,with the in crease of soaking water temperature,the germination rate of large fruit seabuckthorn increased significantly while China seabuckthorn showed the opposite trend in the soil.The effect of increased culturing temperature on the germination rate was not obvious.The seed germination of large fruit seabuckthorn was the highest(45%)when it was soaked in water at 50℃and cultured at 25℃.After treatments with different concentrations of sulfuric acid to large fruit seabuckthorn cultivar,the germination rate under temperature of 25℃was significantly higher than 35℃and the germination rate in the petri dish was significantly higher than in the soil while China seabuckthorn showed the opposite trend.In conclusion,the highest germination rate(62%)of large fruit seabuckthorn cultivar can be obtained when it was soaked by 1%sulfuric acid and cultured at 25℃.The seed germination index and seed viability in the petri dish were significantly higher than in t

关 键 词：沙棘 种子萌发 浸种温度 硫酸浓度 培养温度 

分 类 号：S793.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]