基于儿童体质健康的两种24h活动时间替代模式的实证比较  

An Empirical Study of Two 24-Hour Movement Substitution Models Based on Children’s Physical Fitness

作　　者：杨兴隆 王丽娟 陈欢 王丽静 梁果 邱艳平 YANG Xinglong;WANG Lijuan;CHEN Huan;WANG Lijing;LIANG Guo;QIU Yanping(School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学体育教育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科学》2023年第9期63-70,共8页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BTY048)。

摘　　要：目的:比较“一对一”等时替代与“一对三”等比例替代两种时间替代模式下,24h活动时间替代对体质健康的影响。方法:以金华市302名1—5年级儿童为样本,采用加速度传感器测量24h活动(包括中高强度身体活动、低强度身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠)时长,依据《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》对受试者进行体质健康测评,运用成分数据方法分析24 h活动时间占比与体质健康的关系。结果:1)两种替代模式分析结果一致显示MVPA与LPA、SED、SLP之间的时间替代对儿童体质健康有显著性影响,而LPA的替代效应不显著。2)两种替代模式的分析结果存在明显差异,即“一对一”等时替代结果表明MVPA具有最强替代效应,SED或SLP与其他活动行为(除MVPA之外)进行10 min的相互替代对体质健康无显著影响,“剂量-效应”分析结果显示MVPA与LPA、SED或SLP的“点对点”替代具有不对称性。而“一对三”等比例替代结果显示SED或SLP与其他3种行为10%的替代则会使儿童的体质健康总分发生显著变化,且SED具有最强替代效应,24h活动行为各要素的相互替代具有对称性。结论:“一对三”等比例替代模式可为时间使用与健康结局之间的关系提供较为可靠的研究证据,且更符合日常的真实活动情境。Objective:To compare the effects of 24-hour movement substitution on physical fitness based on“one-to-one”isotemporal substitution and“one-to-three”proportional substitution.Methods:302 children of grade 1-5 in Jinhua participated in this study,accelerometers were used to measure 24-hour movement including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA),lightintensity physical activity(LPA),sedentary behavior(SED)and sleep(SLP)The physical fitness levels were measured according to the National Student Physical Health Standards(Revised in 2014).Compositional data analysis was used to explore the relationship between 24-hour movement time proportion and physical fitness.Results:1)The results of two substitution models showed that the time substitution of MVPA with LPA,SED and SLP had a significant effect on children’s physical fitness,while the substitution effect of LPA was not significant.2)Significant differences were observed between the two substitution modes,the“one-to-one”isotemporal substitution results showed that MVPA had the strongest substitution effect,and the substitution of SED or SLP with other movements except MVPA for 10 minutes had no significant effect on physical fitness.The“dose-response”analysis results showed that the“point-to-point”substitution of MVPA with LPA,SED or SLP was asymmetrical.The“one-to-three”proportional substitution results showed that 10%substitution of SED or SLP with other three behaviors changed the physical fitness score significantly,and SED had the strongest substitution effect.In addition,the substitution of 24-hour movement behaviors was symmetrical.Conclusions:The“one-to-three”proportional substitution model can provide more reliable research evidence for the relationship between time usage and health outcomes,and it is more in line with real-life activity scenarios.

关 键 词：活动行为 替代模式 等时替代 等比例替代 体质健康 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]