文本视域下学生时代马克思伦理思想中的康德元素——从中学作文到博士论文  

The Kantian Element of Marx’s Ethical Thought in His StudentAge from the Textual Perspective——From High School Composition to Doctoral Dissertation

作　　者：王道林 WANG Dao-lin(School of Marxism,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning,116000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学马克思主义学院,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期1-6,共6页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：学生时代是研究马克思思想形成时不可绕过的重要时期。这一时期的马克思虽然没有形成系统化的伦理观,但在其对幸福等问题的思考中已经形成了一些颇具深度的伦理思想。这些思想的形成与马克思成长环境中的康德元素有着非常密切的关系。正因如此,马克思在中学时代的宗教论文和毕业作文中表达了明显的理想主义倾向。在大学时代,通过诗歌创作与哲学、法学的研究,马克思在“现有”与“应有”之间的矛盾中陷入了彷徨。但马克思并未因此放弃康德哲学的“自我意识”立场,在博士论文中对通过原子偏斜理论的阐发,隐晦地批判了黑格尔的“绝对精神”,揭示了自由之于幸福的重要作用。The school days is an important period that can not be neglected when studying the formation process of Marx’s thought.Although Marx did not put forward a systematic ethical view in this period,he had already formed some profound ethical thoughts in his thinking about happiness and other issues.The formation of these thoughts is closely related to the Kantian elements in the context where Marx grew up.Because of this,Marx expressed an obvious tendency of idealism in his religious essays and graduation essays in middle school.In his college years,through the creation of poetry and the study of philosophy and law,Marx was perplexed in the contradiction between“existing”and“due”.However,Marx did not give up the position of“self-conscious-ness”of Kantian philosophy.In his doctoral thesis,he implicitly criticized Hegel’s“Absoluter Geist”by elucidating the theory of at-om slanting,and revealed the important role of freedom in happiness.

关 键 词：马克思 康德 伦理思想 自我意识 

分 类 号：B17[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]