下肢静脉性溃疡发生的影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Occurrence of Venous Ulcers in the Lower Limbs

作　　者：金文海[1] 陈建新[1] JIN Wenhai;CHEN Jianxin(Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University,Putian Fujian 351106,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田学院附属医院胃肠外科,福建莆田351106

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2023年第24期73-76,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的分析影响下肢静脉性溃疡发生的危险因素。方法选取2020年2月—2023年2月莆田学院附属医院收治的64例下肢静脉性溃疡患者为溃疡组,另选取同期住院的64例下肢静脉曲张但不伴静脉溃疡患者为静脉曲张组,收集两组患者的年龄、性别、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI),基础疾病(高血压、糖尿病、冠心病),生活及工作方式[大量吸烟(每天吸1包烟且持续时间≥20年)、长期饮酒(持续饮酒≥5年,男性合计酒精量≥40 g/d,女性≥20 g/d)、体力工作(体力劳动强度分级≥Ⅲ级)],下肢静脉疾病家族史,下肢静脉曲张病史等资料,Logistic回归分析下肢静脉性溃疡形成的危险因素。结果溃疡组和静脉曲张组患者年龄、性别、糖尿病、下肢静脉疾病家族史等一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在BMI、高血压、冠心病、大量吸烟、长期饮酒、体力工作、下肢静脉曲张病史比较上,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);将差异有统计学意义的指标纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示,BMI>24 kg/m^(2)(OR=3.364),有大量吸烟史(OR=2.565)、体力工作者(OR=3.438)、下肢静脉曲张病史(OR=2.883)是影响下肢静脉性溃疡发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论肥胖、大量吸烟史、体力工作者、下肢静脉曲张病史是影响下肢静脉性溃疡发生的危险因素,临床需重点关注该类患者,采取针对性的防治措施。Objective To analyze the risk factors that affect the occurrence of venous ulcers in the lower limbs.Methods A total of 64 patients with venous ulcer of lower limbs admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the ulcer group,and 64 patients with varicose veins of lower limbs without venous ulcer were selected as the varicose vein group.The age,sex,body mass index(BMI),basic diseases(hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease),lifestyle and work style[heavy smoking(smoking one pack of cigarettes per day for≥20 years),long-term alcohol consumption(continuous drinking for≥5 years,male total alcohol consumption≥40 g per day,female total alcohol consumption≥20 g per day),physical work(physical labor intensity rating≥LevelⅢ)],family history of lower limb venous disease,history of lower limb varicose vein disease,and other data.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for venous ulcer formation in patients with lower limb varicose veins.Results There was no significant difference in age,sex,diabetes,family history of lower limb venous disease and other general information between ulcer group and varicose vein group(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in BMI,hypertension,coronary heart disease,smoking,long-term drinking,physical work,and history of lower limb varicose vein disease(P<0.05).Incorporating differentiated indicators into multivariate logistic regression analysis,the results showed that BMI>24 kg/m^(2)(OR=3.364),a history of smoking(OR=2.565),physical workers(OR=3.438),and a history of varicose veins in the lower limbs(OR=2.883)were risk factors for the occurrence of venous ulcers in the lower limbs(P<0.05).Conclusion Obesity,a history of heavy smoking,physical workers,and a history of varicose veins in the lower limbs are risk factors that affect the occurrence of venous ulcers in the lower limbs.Clinical attention should be paid to these patients and targeted prevention and treatment measures sho

关 键 词：下肢静脉曲张 静脉性溃疡 危险因素 体力工作 肥胖 大量吸烟 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]