社会生态系统理论下医患关系紧张的原因及对策分析  

Analysis of the Reasons and Countermeasures for the Tense Doctor-Patient Relationship Under Theory of Social Ecosystem

作　　者：赵欢 ZHAO Huan(Dean's Office,Suzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Suzhou Jiangsu 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市中医医院院长办公室,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2023年第24期194-198,共5页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：医患关系是当前紧张社会关系的缩影,文章在社会生态系统理论指导下,从微观、中观、宏观分析医患关系紧张的深层原因,发现在微观层面上医患沟通不良、患者或家属因不良情绪产生非理性行为是导致医患关系紧张的直接原因;从中观层面患者社交网络、医务人员医德医风低下,宏观层面医患双方社会地位及信息不对称、缺乏健全医疗卫生保障制度、媒体舆论错误引导则是推动医患关系紧张的主要原因。因此,为了缓解紧张的医患关系,应聚焦“个人”“社会环境”因素,区分清楚微观、中观、宏观3个层面内目标人群,灵活应用个案管理、共情干预、社会工作个案等方法干预,切实预防医患冲突。The doctor-patient relationship is a microcosm of the current tense social relationship.Under the guidance of social ecosystem theory,this article analyzes the deep-seated reasons for the tense doctor-patient relationship from the micro,meso,and macro perspectives.It is found that at the micro level,poor communication between doctors and patients,and irrational behavior of patients or family members due to negative emotions are the direct reasons for the tense doctor-patient relationship.The main reasons for the tense doctor-patient relationship are the low social support network for patients at the meso level,the low medical ethics and style of medical staff,the asymmetric doctor-patient relationship at the macro level,the lack of strong institutional guarantees,and the erroneous guidance of media opinion.Therefore,in order to alleviate the tense doctor-patient relationship, it is necessary to focus on "personal" and "environmental" factors, distinguish the target population at the micro, medium, and macro levels, and flexibly apply methods such as case management, empathy intervention, and social work cases to effectively prevent doctor-patient conflicts.

关 键 词：医患关系 社会生态系统理论 原因分析 干预对策 医患冲突 社会环境 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]