无关情绪面孔视觉工作记忆表征对注意的捕获:知觉负载的影响  

Visual Working Memory Representation of Task-lrrelevant Emotional Face can Capture Attention:Effect of Perceptual Load

作　　者：蒋懿博 李骋诗 JIANG Yi-bo;LI Cheng-shi(College of Psychology,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2023年第6期1303-1308,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目《“理解‘言外之意’,提高社交能力”--孤独症隐喻加工的认知神经机制及语境的影响研究》(项目编号:20YJC190008)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同效价的无关情绪面孔的工作记忆表征对视觉注意的捕获,以及知觉负载的影响。方法:采用记忆与视觉搜索结合的范式,操纵记忆-干扰面孔关系、无关面孔情绪效价以及知觉负载水平,分析搜索、再认错误率以及反应时。结果:(1)低知觉负载下,面孔匹配条件的反应时慢于不匹配条件,即无关情绪面孔的工作记忆表征出现注意捕获效应。当面孔匹配时,无关负性面孔条件的反应时慢于正性面孔条件,即记忆驱动的注意捕获能力更强。(2)高知觉负载下,只有无关负性面孔的记忆表征依然具有注意捕获效应。当面孔不匹配时,无关正性面孔条件的反应时慢于负性面孔条件,即刺激驱动的注意捕获能力更强。结论:无关情绪面孔的视觉工作记忆表征可自动捕获注意,并且由面孔记忆表征自上而下驱动的注意捕获效应以及面孔刺激自下而上驱动的注意捕获能力均受到面孔情绪效价与知觉负载的共同调节。Objective:To investigate the effects of facial emotional valence and perceptual load on the capture of visual attention by task-irrelevant emotional faces matched working memory representations.Methods:A dual task that integrated a visual search and memory was adopted,during which the relationship of memory-interference faces,the valence of irrelevant emotional faces,and level of perceptual load were manipulated.We analyzed the search and memory error rates and response times.Results:(1)Under low perceptual load,response times in the face matching condition were slower than those in the unmatched condition,that means,there was an attentional capture effect in the working memory representation of irrelevant emotional faces.When faces were matched,response times were slower in the irrelevant negative face condition than in the positive face condition,that means memory-driven attentional capture of irrelevant negative face was stronger.(2)Under high perceptual load,only memory representations of irrelevant negative faces still had attentional capture effect.When faces were unmatched,response times were slower in the irrelevant positive face condition than in the negative face condition,that means stimulus-driven attentional capture of irrelevant positive face was stronger.Conclusion:Visual working memory representation of task-irrelevant emotional face can automatically capture attention,and both the attentional capture effect by face memory representations top-down driven and the attentional capture capacity of face stimulus bottom-up driven are co-moderated by the emotional valence of faces and perceptual load.

关 键 词：情绪面孔 工作记忆表征 注意捕获 知觉负载 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]