海气边界层内风电场尾流及功率特性的中尺度数值模拟研究  

Mesoscale numerical simulation of wind farm wake flow and power characteristics in the marine atmospheric boundary layer

作　　者：乐可定 郁冶 王异成 吴春雷 王强 罗坤[4] 樊建人[4] LE Keding;YU Ye;WANG Yicheng;WU Chunlei;WANG Qiang;LUO Kun;FAN Jianren(Zhejiang Zheneng Guodian Investment Shengsi Offshore Wind Power Generation Company,Zhoushan 202450,China;State Power Investment Group Zhejiang New Energy Company,Hangzhou 310016,China;Hangzhou Yineng Power Technology Company,Hangzhou 310027,China;State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江浙能国电投嵊泗海上风力发电有限公司,浙江舟山202450 [2]国家电投集团浙江新能源有限公司,浙江杭州310016 [3]杭州意能电力技术有限公司,浙江杭州310027 [4]浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《海洋预报》2023年第6期33-40,共8页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：浙江浙能国电投嵊泗海上风力发电有限公司科技项目(ZNKJ-2021-080);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52206281)。

摘　　要：研究基于中尺度数值天气预测(WRF)模型,耦合海洋模型和风电场参数化方案,探讨了海洋边界层下的海上风电场尾流效应和功率输出特性。结果发现:海上风电场尾流易发生混合,导致较强的风速亏损,严重影响下游风力机的功率输出。由于大气和海洋之间的动量、热量及水汽等通量交换,速度亏损表现出更强的水平扩散,风电场尾流恢复加速,最终尾流长度缩短。另外,风电场的尾流特性和功率输出与风力机布局相关,海气相互作用增强了尾流延伸的稳定性,削弱了风电场的非局地性影响。研究表明使用多物理耦合模型探究海上风电场运行特性是尤为关键的。In this study,we explore the wake flow and power output of an offshore wind farm using the WRF model,coupling to an ocean model and a wind farm parameterization.It is found that the wake flow of the offshore wind farm significantly affects the operation characteristics of the whole farm.The wake flows of offshore wind turbines are easy to mix,result in a strong wind speed deficit,leading to the decline of power output of downstream wind turbines.The velocity deficit exhibits strong horizontal spread due to the flux exchange between air and ocean,accelerating the recovery of the wake flow,and ultimately leading to a reduction in the length of wake flow.Meanwhile,the wake characteristics and power output of wind farm are related to the layout and installed capacity of wind turbines.The air-ocean interaction increases the stability of wake flow extension,and help to reduce non-local impact.In general,it is important to consider the interaction between air,ocean and the wind farm itself.

关 键 词：海洋大气边界层 海上风电场 海面 尾流特性 功率输出 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]