多激励下新型纵轴式掘进机的纵向振动特性预测  

Prediction of longitudinal vibration characteristics of new vertical-axis roadheader under multiple excitation

作　　者：谢苗[1] 石俊杰 张鸿宇 朱昀 XIE Miao;SHI Junjie;ZHANG Hongyu;ZHU Yun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学机械工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2023年第6期728-737,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874158);辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目(LJ2019ZL003)。

摘　　要：针对目前掘进机截割时因产生大量振动而导致零部件受损及稳定性降低的问题,基于纵向截割工况,对新型纵轴式掘进机的振动特性进行分析和预测。首先,对掘进机截割头的受力进行分析,并运用Bekker沉陷理论对履带受力进行分析。然后,将履带与底板之间的接触力和截割载荷作为外部激励,采用拉格朗日方程建立掘进机的纵向非线性动力学模型。接着,基于Runge-Kutta变步长算法,利用MATLAB软件对掘进机动力学模型进行求解,并将求解结果与实验结果进行比较,验证了动力学模型的正确性。最后,利用所构建的动力学模型对不同支稳机构刚度下掘进机关键部位的振动位移进行预测。结果表明:在多个外部激励的复合影响下,掘进机整机的振动处于混沌状态,其横滚振动位移很小,俯仰振动占主导地位;随着支稳机构刚度的递增,掘进机关键部位的振动位移呈显著减小趋势,当支稳机构的刚度增大至初始刚度的3倍时,掘进机机身的振动位移减小了29%,截割臂振动位移减小了22%,截割头振动位移减小了20%。研究结果证明增大支稳机构刚度可有效减小掘进机的振动响应,这可为掘进机的稳定性提升和结构优化提供理论依据。In view of the problems of parts damage and stability reduction caused by a large amount of vibration during roadheader cutting,the vibration characteristics of the new vertical-axis roadheader was analyzed and predicted based on the longitudinal cutting condition.Firstly,the force on the cutting head of the roadheader was analyzed,and the force on the track was analyzed by Bekker subsidence theory.Then,taking the contact force between track and bottom plate and the cutting load as external excitation,the longitudinal nonlinear dynamics model of roadheader was established by using Lagrange equation.Next,based on the Runge-Kutta variable step size algorithm,the dynamics model of roadheader was solved using MATLAB software,and the solution results were compared with experimental results to verify the correctness of the dynamics model.Finally,the dynamics model was used to predict the vibration displacement of key parts of the roadheader under different stabilizing mechanism stiffness.The results showed that the vibration of the whole roadheader was in a chaotic state under the combined influence of multiple external excitation.The roll vibration displacement was small,and the pitch vibration was dominant.With the increasing of the stabilizing mechanism stiffness,the vibration displacement of key parts of the roadheader showed a significant decreasing trend.When the stiffness of the stabilizing mechanism increased to 3 times of the initial stiffness,the vibration displacement of the roadheader body decreased by 29%,the vibration displacement of the cutting arm decreased by 22%,and the vibration displacement of the cutting head decreased by 20%.The research results prove that the vibration response of roadheader can be reduced effectively by increasing the stiffness of stabilizing mechanism,which provides theoretical basis for the stability improvement and structural optimization of roadheader.

关 键 词：纵轴式掘进机 非线性振动 动力学模型 振动位移 支稳机构刚度 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]