超高温碳化物和硼化物陶瓷及碳纤维增强超高温陶瓷的研究进展  

Research Progress of Ultra⁃high Temperature Carbide and Boride Ceramics and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Ultra⁃high Temperature Ceramics

作　　者：刘亚科 张雪婷 刘斌 张明焱 刘燕 李从举 张秀玲 LIU Yake;ZHANG Xueting;LIU Bin;ZHANG Mingyan;LIU Yan;LI Congju;ZHANG Xiuling(School of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Mechanical Equipment Institute,Beijing 100039,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京机械设备研究所,北京100039 [3]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第S02期147-153,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(52103250);高校基本科研业务费资助(buctrc202213);有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室(oic-202301001)。

摘　　要：随着现代军事发展对空天飞行器和高超声速飞行器的迫切需求,急需发展抗热冲击性能和力学性能等良好的超高温陶瓷材料。然而,超高温陶瓷材料存在易脆、抗热冲击性能差等问题。针对于此,近年来通过将碳纤维引入到超高温陶瓷基体中,极大地提升了超高温陶瓷本身的断裂韧性和抗热冲击性能。本文首先介绍了超高温碳化物和硼化物陶瓷的性能,并讨论了引入第二相对其抗氧化性能和力学性能等的增强效果;其次介绍了碳纤维对超高温陶瓷材料的增强机制,并且在碳纤维引入后对超高温陶瓷的抗热冲击性能、抗氧化烧蚀性能、力学性能等方面的增强进行了细致讨论;最后,对未来碳纤维增强超高温陶瓷基复合材料的发展方向进行了展望。The development of ultra⁃high temperature ceramic materials with excellent mechanical and thermal shock resistance is essential given the pressing need for aerospace and hypersonic vehicles for the modern military.However,ultra⁃high temperature ceramic materials have the flaws of brittleness and inadequate thermal stress resistance.The fracture toughness and thermal shock resistance of the ultra⁃high temperature ceramic itself have recently been significantly enhanced by the addition of carbon fiber to the ceramic matrix.In this review,we examine the properties of ultra⁃high temperature carbon ceramics and boride ceramics,followed by discussion of how the second phase improves oxidation resistance and mechanical properties.The second part explains the improved mechanism of carbon fiber reinforcement.Furthermore,composites containing ultra⁃high temperature ceramics and carbon fiber are discussed in detail to enhance thermal shock resistance,oxidation resistance,and mechanical properties.Finally,we examine the future development directions of carbon fiber reinforced ultra⁃high temperature ceramic matrix composites.

关 键 词：高超声速飞行器 碳化物陶瓷 硼化物陶瓷 碳纤维增强 

分 类 号：TB35[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]