铝合金激光-MIG复合焊研究现状与展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Laser⁃MIG Hybrid Welding of Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：刘自刚 徐睦忠 李洋 代锋先 乐望赟 LIU Zigang;XU Muzhong;LI Yang;DAI Fengxian;LE Wangyun(Zhejiang E.O.Paton Welding Technology Research Institute,Hangzhou 311215,China;Zhejiang Jindan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311215,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江巴顿焊接技术研究院,杭州311215 [2]浙江金旦智能科技有限公司,杭州311215

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第S02期362-366,共5页Materials Reports

摘　　要：铝合金具有良好的导电性、导热性、耐腐蚀性及较高的比强度,在航空航天、轨道客车、汽车工业、船舶制造等领域都得到了广泛应用。激光焊具有能量密度高、焊接熔深大、焊接速度快、焊接变形小等优点,但同时也存在对装配精度要求高、易产生焊接气孔、激光能量利用率低、设备使用及维护成本高的问题。激光焊用于铝合金焊接时焊接气孔问题尤其严重,还存在接头软化等问题。为了解决铝合金激光焊接存在的问题,国内外焊接工作者针对铝合金激光-MIG复合焊技术开展了大量研究。通过对近几年最新的研究成果进行总结,可以进一步加强对该焊接技术的研究,促进该焊接方法在工业生产中的应用。本文针对铝合金激光-MIG复合焊,从薄板焊接、厚板焊接、异种金属焊接、辅助焊接、焊接气孔等几方面总结了铝合金激光-MIG复合焊的最新研究进展和研究成果,并基于当前的研究现状提出存在的问题和展望未来的发展方向。Aluminum alloy with good electrical conductivity,thermal conductivity,corrosion resistance and high specific strength,has been widely used in aerospace,rail bus,automobile industry,shipbuilding and other fields.Laser welding has the advantages of high energy density,large welding depth,fast welding speed and small welding deformation,but it also has the problems of high assembly accuracy,easy to produce welding pores,low laser energy utilization rate,high equipment use and maintenance costs.The problem of welding porosity is especially serious when laser welding is used for aluminum alloy welding,and there are also problems such as joint softening.In order to solve the problems of laser welding of aluminum alloy,welding workers at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on the laser⁃MIG hybrid welding technology of aluminum alloy.By summarizing the latest research results in recent years,the research of the welding technology can be further strengthened,and the application of the welding method in industrial production can be promoted.In this paper,the latest research progress and achievements of laser⁃MIG hybrid welding of aluminum alloy are summarized from the aspects of thin plate welding,thick plate welding,dissimilar metal welding,auxiliary welding,welding porosity,etc.Based on the current research status,the existing problems are proposed and the future development direction is prospected.

关 键 词：铝合金 激光-MIG复合焊 薄板焊接 厚板焊接 焊接气孔 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接]