中子衍射在航空发动机材料残余应力分析中的应用  

Application of Neutron Diffraction in Residual Stress Analysis of Aero⁃engine Materials

作　　者：罗军 李楠 王曦 刘昌奎 LUO Jun;LI Nan;WANG Xi;LIU Changkui(AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;AVIC Failure Analysis Center,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation,Beijing 100095,China;Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院,北京100095 [2]航空工业失效分析中心,北京100095 [3]航空材料检测与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100095 [4]中国航空发动机集团材料检测与评价重点实验室,北京100095

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第S02期497-508,共12页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1600600)。

摘　　要：航空领域关键材料及部件在生产、制造、加工、服役、维修及失效的全寿命周期中残余应力检测与评价的需求十分迫切,尤其是叶片、机匣、涡轮盘、轴承及大型结构件等内部三维残余应力的分布。中子衍射技术具有高穿透性、高分辨率和高精度等优点,是准确、无损检测和分析工程材料及部件内部三维应力最有效的方法。本文主要介绍了中子衍射技术测量残余应力的原理及优势,详细阐述了中子衍射技术在加工制造过程(如焊接、增材制造等)、热处理过程(如不同热处理温度和冷却方式)、涂层材料和工程部件(如叶片、涡轮盘等)制备及服役过程残余应力的研究进展和成果,展望了中子衍射技术测量残余应力的发展方向。The aviation industry requires the detection and evaluation of residual stress in critical materials and components throughout their entire life cycle,from production and manufacturing to service,maintenance,and failure.This is particularly important for identifying the three⁃dimensional distribution of residual stress in components such as blades,casings,turbine disks,bearings,and large structural components.Neutron diffraction is a highly effective nondestructive method for accurately detecting and analyzing the three⁃dimensional stress of engineering materials and components due to its strong penetration ability,high resolution,and high accuracy.This paper introduces the principle and advantages of using neutron diffraction technique for measuring residual stress.It also details the research progress and achievements of this technique in various processing and manufacturing processes including welding,additive manufacturing,thermal treatment processes,coating materials,and engineering components such as blades and turbine disks.This paper concludes by prospecting the development direction of neutron diffraction technique for measuring residual stress.

关 键 词：中子衍射 无损检测 航空发动机 部件 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG115.23[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]