基于超声导波的方钻杆检测方法研究  

The Inspection of Kelly Bars by Ultrasonic Guided Waves

作　　者：万翔 潘华伟 张旭辉[1,2] 樊红卫 黄利平[1,2] WAN Xiang;PAN Huawei;ZHANG Xuhui;FAN Hongwei;HUANG Liping(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an University of Science and Technology Xi′an,710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Electromechanical Equipment Intelligent Detection and Control Xi′an,710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学机械工程学院,西安710054 [2]陕西省矿山机电装备智能检测与控制重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2023年第6期1088-1094,1241,共8页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2019JM-212)。

摘　　要：针对传统超声在检测长达十余米的方钻杆时效率极端低下的问题,提出基于超声导波的方钻杆检测方法。首先,利用半解析有限元方法,求解方钻杆结构的频散方程并绘制频散曲线,选择群速度值最大、曲线比较平坦、频率范围为70 kHz~130 kHz的L(0,2)作为方钻杆的检测模态;其次,优化选取中心频率为100 kHz的L(0,2)模态作为激励信号,以尺寸为25 mm×5 mm×0.5 mm的环形压电晶片阵列作为传感器,提高L(0,2)模态在100 kHz的信噪比;最后,基于仿真和实验方法,采用L(0,2)模态导波对方钻杆进行了检测。结果表明,L(0,2)超声导波能够有效检测整根方钻杆面上和棱上的圆孔及槽型缺陷,提高了检测效率,为方钻杆的检测提供了一种新的思路和方法。Using traditional ultrasonic method to inspect kelly bars with the length up to ten meters is extremely time-consuming and inefficient.In order to solve this problem,the use of ultrasonic guided waves for the inspection of kelly bars is proposed.Firstly,the dispersion curves of kelly bars are derived by using semi-analytical finite element method.The dispersion curve of L(0,2)mode at the frequency range from around 70 kHz to 130 kHz is relative flat and it has highest group velocity values.L(0,2)mode is thus selected as the ultrasonic guided wave inspection mode.Secondly,the center excitation frequency is optimized and selected as 100 kHz.A ring of piezoelectric transducers with the size of 25 mm×5 mm×0.5 mm is selected to improve the signal-tonoise-ratio of L(0,2)mode at the center frequency of 100 kHz.Lastly,L(0,2)mode ultrasonic guided waves is applied to inspect kelly bars by numerical and experimental methods.The results show that L(0,2)ultrasonic guided wave is capable of detecting circular through-hole damages located in the plane and near the edge in a kelly bar.Furthermore,the slot damage near the edge of a kelly bar can also be detected.The inspection efficiency is dramatically improved.Therefore,the use of longitudinal L(0,2)mode ultrasonic guided wave provides a promising and effective alternative for the detection of defects in kelly bars.

关 键 词：超声导波 方钻杆 半解析有限元 频散曲线 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]