梅州松口古镇历史景观的“锚固-层积”解译  

Analysis of"Anchoring-Layering"in the Historic Landscape of Songkou Ancient Town,Meizhou,China

作　　者：潘莹[1] 张倩[1] 施瑛[2] PAN Ying;ZHANG Qian;SHI Ying

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室、广州市景观建筑重点实验室 [2]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2023年第12期87-95,共9页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51978275):基于文化地理学的岭南汉民系传统聚落景观的特征、区划与机制研究。

摘　　要：梅州松口古镇位于闽粤赣三省交界处,具有上千年的发展历史,其历史景观遗存表现出多时段的历史层积与多元化的文化融合的特点。通过构建松口古镇“锚固-层积”模型,从历时层积的角度对松口古镇的历史景观结构与形态进行解译。发现:(1)松口古镇经历“萌芽-成形-发展-繁荣-更新”五大演变历程,各个时段锚固点的类型与位置变化影响着古镇的层积变迁;(2)松口古镇的“锚固-层积”过程是受社会文化背景与价值认同的影响,在自然与人文协同锚固下,古镇空间呈现出有序肌理与无序肌理相互博弈的层积组合。对于“锚固—层积”理论在松口古镇的延伸与实践,有利于在复杂的城镇变化中把握古镇的发展动因与变化规律。The Songkou Ancient Town in Meizhou City is located at the border of Fujian,Guangdong and Jiangxi.With thousands of years of development history,the heritage buildings in the Songkou Ancient Town are characterized by multiple and diverse cultural history.The historical landscape structure and form in Songkou Ancient Town can be interpreted from the perspective of diachronic stratification based on the"anchoring-layering"model.This study is divided into three parts.Part 1 mainly elaborates the concepts and correlation between urban historical landscapes and"anchoring-layering"theory.An"anchoring-layering"model of Songkou Ancient Town was constructed by analyzing the elemental variation and distribution of historical landscapes.Part 2 divides"anchoring-layering"time series of Songkou Ancient Town to analyze the spatial features at different stages.Part 3 summarizes the"anchoring-layering"characteristics and the dynamics of Songkou Ancient Town.The evolution of the historical landscape in the Songkou Ancient Town was characterized by five spatiotemporal stages of"initiation-developmentmaturity-prosperity-updating"over thousands of years.The landscape pattern experienced a layering"from south to north,from east to west and from places along rivers to inland".Finally,a spatial pattern of"centering at north,south-north,village-town integration"was identified.The"anchoringlayering"process of Songkou Ancient Town was influenced by social and cultural background as well as values.In the evolutionary process of the town,the socio-cultural background and values identified were the internal drivers contributing to the"anchoring-layering"structure of historical landscapes.The natural anchoring based on mountain and water systems laid the foundation for the development of the town.Diverse cultural values based on military village culture,Hakkas clans,traditional business,overseas Chinese,urban construction,and heritage protection provided the anchoring impetus for continuous layering of the ancient town.The core anchoring of S

关 键 词：松口古镇 “锚固-层积”理论 城镇历史景观 传统聚落 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU985.128