历史视角下流域乡土聚落景观格局多尺度研究——特征与影响因素  

Multiscale Research on Rural Settlement Landscape Patterns in River Basins from a Historical Perspective:Characteristics and Influencing Factors

作　　者：王南希[1] 林中晓 WANG Nanxi;LIN Zhongxiao

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室、广州市景观建筑重点实验室 [2]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2023年第12期96-104,共9页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(52008172):基于水文过程变化的城郊浅山区乡土景观格局研究;广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2022A1515011678):基于不透水面变化的城市河流廊道景观适应性发展研究。

摘　　要：为了深入探讨流域乡土景观的形成机制、空间分布规律以及人类活动与自然环境因素对景观格局的影响。选取了流溪河及其支流沙溪河作为研究区域,采用景观格局指数、冗余、历史景观特征评估方法等进行分析。发现在流域尺度下,聚落到水系的平均最近距离和平均高程对流溪河流域景观格局的异质性有显著影响;在子流域尺度下,农业土地制度、城镇化和乡土社会凝聚力在乡土聚落景观的塑造与演变中具有重要影响。多尺度研究揭示了地理环境与人口发展在共同塑造流域内乡土聚落景观,并且上下游地区乡土景观存在差异,需采用不同管理策略以维护完整性和可持续性。The rural landscape in river basins reflects the adaptation of people to the natural environment including terrain,topography and water systems during the long-term production of crops.A case study based on the Liuxi River Basin and its branch Shaxi River Sub-basin was carried out to understand the formation mechanism,spatial distribution laws of rural landscapes in river basins as well as the influence of human activities and natural environmental factors.The landscapes and influencing factors of the two chosen river basins were analyzed by using landscape pattern index,redundancy analysis and historical landscape feature assessment methods.Considering the river basin scale,the year 1985 was chosen as the key time node to investigate thelong-term history and changes before and after urbanization.The long-time series was based on the history and archaeological surveys.After 1985,attention was paid to changes before and after urbanization.The past remote sensing images were chosen as the data source.Field survey and investigation are only feasible upon narrowing of scales.The study period of sub-basin was chosen from 1974 to 2020.Considering the characteristics of rural landscape patterns in sub-basins,the influencing factors for the formation of landscape patterns were discussed thoroughly.Results provided theoretical references to multi-scale research on rural landscape patterns.Research outcomes demonstrated that for the basin scale,the average elevation and average nearest distance from settlements to water systems have a significant influence on landscape patterns.The average nearest distance from upstream rural settlements to water system is relatively short.It is positively related to landscape diversity,settlement scale and clustering degree.However,it is negatively related to landscape fragmentation.This indicates that the lower the landscape fragmentation of upstream rural units,the higher the connectivity between dominant landscape types.Furthermore,average elevation has positive correlations with avera

关 键 词：乡土景观 景观格局 聚落特征 冗余分析 流溪河流域 沙溪河子流域 

分 类 号：TU985.128[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]