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作 者:姜万礼[1] 王成宝[1] 杨思存[1] 霍琳[1] 温美娟 JIANG Wanli;WANG Chengbao;YANG Sicun;HUO Lin;WEN Meijuan(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)
机构地区:[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070
出 处:《寒旱农业科学》2023年第12期1146-1149,共4页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences
基 金:农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503117)。
摘 要:针对甘肃引黄灌区灰钙土水浇地普遍存在的土壤耕层逐年变浅、犁底层逐渐变厚、有效土壤少的问题,在甘肃省农业科学院白银沿黄灌区农业试验站以未扰动的自然土壤为对照,设置0、5、10、15、20 cm共5个犁底层厚度,对比分析了各处理对玉米籽粒产量、生物产量、株高,以及土壤紧实度的影响。结果表明,犁底层厚度为0 cm时,玉米收获后籽粒产量和生物产量均最高,较未扰动的自然土壤显著增产15.92%、6.02%,株高增加4.36%;犁底层厚度为5 cm时,玉米株高增加2.17%。0~7.5 cm土层深度,各处理的土壤紧实度均高于未扰动的自然土壤,10.0~35.0 cm土层深度,各处理的土壤紧实度均低于未扰动的自然土壤。综上认为,犁底层厚度小于10 cm且紧实度在700 kPa左右时的土壤适宜玉米生长。Issues in grey-calcium soil of Gansu yellow river irrigation area,such as soil tillage layer becoming shallow,plow pan becoming thicker and the effective soil tillage layer becoming thinner,have seriously affected crop growth.A simulation experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Baiyin along the Yellow Irrigation Area,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The experiment treatments included CK(undisturbed natural soil)and 5 plow pan thicknesses:0 cm,5 cm,10 cm,15 cm,and 20 cm,and effects of each treatment on grain yield,biomass,plant height,and soil compactness were analyzed.The results showed that the highest grain yield,biomass and plant height were achieved by 0 cm plow pan thickness,with an increase of 15.92%and 6.02%and 4.36%,respectively,compared to that of CK.Plant height was increased by 2.17%under 5 cm plow pan thickness.Soil compactness in all treatments under 0 to 7.5 cm plow pan thickness were higher than that of the CK,whereas soil compactness in all treatments under 10.0 to 35.0 cm plow pan thickness were lower than that of the CK.In conclusion,the plow pan thickness less than 10 cm and compactness around 700 kPa is suitable for maize growth.
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