基于常温干燥法的纤维素基泡沫制备及性能分析  

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose-Based Foam via Ambient Drying

作　　者：郝发义[1] 胡丹 张自聪 HAO Fayi;HU Dan;ZHANG Zicong(College of Communication and Art Design,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 20093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学出版印刷与艺术设计学院,上海200093

出　　处：《包装学报》2023年第6期9-16,共8页Packaging Journal

摘　　要：传统的石油基泡沫难以降解,因而带来环境污染和安全问题。纤维素基泡沫借助其可生物降解的天然特性,逐渐成为研究热点。然而,目前的成型技术在很大程度上依赖于干燥条件(如冷冻干燥和超临界干燥),存在干燥耗时长、成本高的问题,因而难以实现泡沫的规模化生产。为解决此问题,提出一种常温干燥制备可再生纤维素基泡沫的新方法。以纸浆纤维为主料、纳米纤维素为黏结剂、聚乙烯醇作为纤维分散剂和泡沫助剂,经过充分混合、发泡、排水和干燥后,制成纤维素基泡沫。最后,测试泡沫密度、孔隙率,分析导热性能、力学性能。结果表明:制备的纤维素基泡沫具有密度低((0.015±0.002)~(0.028±0.004)g/cm^(3))、孔隙率高(>98%)、热导率低((0.060±0.003)~(0.069±0.003)W/(m·K))等特点。纤维素基泡沫在80%应变下的最大应力值为59.366 kPa,比其他文献报道的类似纳米纤维素基泡沫高37.1%。未来,纤维素基泡沫有望替代石油基泡沫,在冷链运输过程中对产品进行缓冲保护和隔热保温。Conventional fossil-based foam is difficult to degrade,it therefore raises the problems of environmental pollution and safety issues.Cellulose foam has gradually become a research focus by virtue of its biodegradable natural characteristics.However,the current forming technologies depend heavily on the drying conditions,such as freeze drying and supercritical drying,which are time-consuming and high costly,therefore,the foams production can hardly be scaled up.To solve this problem,a new method of ambient drying to prepare an all-renewable fiber-based foams was investigated.With pulp fiber as the main material,cellulose nanofibrils as the binder in the fiber-based foams network,and the polyvinyl alcohol added as a fiber dispersant and foaming additives,the foam was obtained by thoroughly stirring the fiber solution and drained and dried at ambient temperature.Finally,foam density and porosity were tested,thermal conductivity and mechanical properties were analyzed.It was found that the fiber-based foams prepared exhibited low density in the range of(0.015±0.002)~(0.029±0.004)g/cm^(3),high porosity(>98%),low thermal conductivity(The values of the thermal conductivities of fiber-based foams were in the range of(0.060±0.003)~(0.069±0.003)W/(m·K)).The fiber-based foam exhibited a maximum stress of 59.366 kPa at 80%strain,with the value 37.1%higher than that of similar cellulose nanofibrils foam reported.The fiber-based foam could be considered to replace fossil-based foam in the mechanical protection of products from damage and thermal insulation in cold-chain transportation.

关 键 词：纤维素基泡沫 常温干燥法 漂白亚硫酸盐针叶木浆 纳米纤维素 热导率 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB484.9[一般工业技术—包装工程]