连续变推力离子推力器双荷离子特性分析与诊断  

Characteristic analysis and diagnosis of double charged ions of continuous variable-thrust ion thruster

作　　者：胡竟[1] 耿海[1] 王东升 郭德洲 赵勇 杨福全[1] HU Jing;GENG Hai;WANG Dongsheng;GUO Dezhou;ZHAO Yong;YANG Fuquan(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2023年第12期3303-3310,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：民用航天预先研究项目(D010509)。

摘　　要：离子推力器束流离子中的双荷离子在制约栅极组件工作寿命的同时也影响到推力器实际推力的大小,其在总束流中的占比直接决定了推力器寿命、推力等关键性能指标的符合性。为准确、快速研判10 cm氙离子推力器在宽范围推力调节过程中的双荷离子占比,利用放电室经验模型,分析了推力器变推力调节过程中双荷离子的变化特性及其影响因素,结合实际工作参数计算得到了不同推力工况点下双荷离子的理论占比。在此基础上,采用E×B探针诊断系统测试获得了相应推力工况点下双荷离子的实验占比,并将理论计算结果与实验测试结果进行了对比。研究结果表明:离子推力器放电室内双荷离子的占比是关于推力器工质利用率等性能参数及原初电子与麦氏电子间的密度比、电子温度等相关等离子体参数的函数;在变推力调节过程中,随着放电室内阳极功率的增加,束流中的双荷离子比例不断上升,且其引出束流中双荷离子比例分布呈现出强烈的非线性分布,整体表现为伴随增长的趋势。研究为离子推力器在轨控制策略的优化设计及性能评估提供了技术支持。The double charged ion in the beam of ion thruster not only restricts the working life of the grid components but also affects the actual thrust of the thruster,and its proportion in the total beam directly determines the conformity of the key performance such as thrust and life of the thruster.In order to evaluate the double charged ion ratio of a 10 cm xenon ion thruster in the wide range of thrust adjustment processes accurately and rapidly,the variation characteristics and influencing factors of double charged ions during variable thrust adjustment of thruster are analyzed by using the empirical model of discharge chamber,and the theoretical proportion of double charged ions at different thrust points was obtained by calculating the actual working parameters.The experimental results are compared with the results of the theoretical calculations based on it,and the experimental proportion of double charged ions at matching thrust locations was acquired using the E-B probe diagnostic system.Results showed that:the proportion of double charged ions in ion thruster is a function of propellant utilization efficiency in discharge chamber and electron temperature,primary electron and maxwell electron density ratio.Additionally,as the anode power in the discharge chamber rises during the variable thrust adjustment process,the proportion of double-charged ions in the beam also rises.This proportion exhibits a strong nonlinear distribution,with an upward trend overall.The above research will certainly provide technical support for the optimal design of an on-orbit control strategy for ion thruster and its performance evaluation.

关 键 词：离子推力器 连续变推力 放电室 双荷离子 诊断 

分 类 号：V439.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]