常用于区域性镇痛的非典型局部麻醉药物研究进展  

Research Progress on Atypical Local Anesthetics often Used for Regional Analgesia

作　　者：周迎 李娜 范坤 ZHOU Ying;LI Na;FAN Kun(Department of Anesthesiology,Shanghai Six People′s Hospital,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第六人民医院麻醉科,上海201306

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第23期5398-5404,共7页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：上海市卫生健康委员会卫生行业临床研究专项青年项目(20194Y0497)。

摘　　要：随着科技的进步,药物的研发和临床探索愈发丰富并取得多样化的成果。许多非局部麻醉药在表面麻醉或区域阻滞中表现出类似局部麻醉药的效果,其中主要包括阿片类药物、中枢性镇痛药物(曲马多)、H1受体阻滞剂、钙离子阻滞剂、5-羟色胺受体阻滞剂等。除了经皮下、黏膜下浸润或经外周腔隙入路注射到神经干或周围神经附近可达到一定的阻滞效果外,这些药物还能作为局部麻醉药佐剂改善神经阻滞效果并减少相关不良反应发生。如何将非典型局部麻醉药物进一步更好地应用于区域性镇痛是未来的研究方向。With the advancement of science and technology,drug research and clinical exploration have become more abundant and diversified.Many non-local anesthetics show similar effects to local anesthetics in surface anesthesia or regional block,mainly including opioids,central analgesic drugs(tramadol),H1 receptor blockers,calcium blockers,5-hydroxytryptamin receptor blockers,etc.In addition to injection into the nerve trunk or near peripheral nerves via subcutaneous,submucosal infiltration or peripheral lacunar approach to achieve certain blocking effect,these drugs can also be used as local anesthetic adjuvants to improve the efficacy of nerve block and reduce the occurrence of related adverse reactions.How to better apply the atypical local anesthetics to regional analgesia will be the direction of future studies.

关 键 词：非典型局部麻醉药 阿片类药物 曲马多 H1受体阻滞剂 局部麻醉药佐剂 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]