小儿先天性肌性斜颈伴发先天性髋关节发育不良的临床特征分析  

Clinical Characterization of Pediatric Congenital Muscular Torticollis As⁃sociated with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

作　　者：许逸 周敬勉 姚丽婷 XU Yi;ZHOU Jingmian;YAO Liting(Department of Ultrasound,Xiamen Hongai Hospital,Xiamen,Fujian Province,361000 China)

机构地区：[1]厦门弘爱医院超声科,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2023年第29期68-71,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的探究小儿先天性肌性斜颈(congenital muscular torticollis,CMT)伴发先天性髋关节发育不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)的临床特征,从而辅助临床早期诊断。方法方便选取2021年1月—2023年1月于厦门弘爱医院入院治疗的86例CMT患儿作为研究对象,根据患儿是否伴发DDH分为研究组(CMT伴发DDH,16例)与对照组(CMT,70例),所有患儿均接受超声检查,观察比较两组患儿的一般情况,分析研究组16例CMT伴发DDH患儿的发病情况,并比较两组患儿双侧胸锁乳突肌(sternocleidomastoid muscle,SCM)厚度比率及差值。结果86例CMT患儿中,16例患儿伴发先天性髋关节发育不良,伴发率为18.61%。两组患儿性别、颈斜程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患儿日龄比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组16例患儿中,GrafⅡ分型在髋关节Graf分型中占据比率为87.50%,DDH发生部位中左侧发生率最高,发生率为75.00%;与CMT发生部位比较,同侧发生率最高,发生率为75.00%。研究组双侧SCM厚度比率(2.41±0.95)%及差值(0.69±0.20)cm明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.131、3.466,P<0.05)。结论CMT与DDH有一定伴发率,且好发于低日龄儿童,以GrafⅡ分型居多;DDH多发于左侧,且与CMT发生部位比较,同侧发生率最高,对于临床早期发现、诊断、治疗CMT伴发DDH有一定辅助价值。Objective To investigate the clinical features of congenital muscular torticollis(CMT)associated with de⁃velopmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)in order to assist early clinical diagnosis.Methods 86 children with CMT ad⁃mitted to Xiamen Hongai Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were expediently selected as the research sub⁃jects.The children were divided into the study group(CMT with DDH,16 cases)and the control group(CMT,70 cases)according to whether they had DDH or not,and all of them received ultrasonography.The general conditions of the two groups were observed and compared,and the morbidity of the 16 children with CMT with DDH in the study group was analyzed,and the ratio and difference of the thickness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle(SCM)were com⁃pared between the two groups.Results Among 86 children with CMT,16 children had congenital developmental dys⁃plasia of the hip,with a prevalence rate of 18.61%.There was no significant difference between the two groups when compared gender and degree of cervical obliquity(P>0.05).When compared the day age of the two groups,the differ⁃ence was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the 16 children in the study group,Graf II typing occupied 87.50%of the hip Graf typing,and the left side had the highest incidence of DDH occurrence site,with an incidence of 75.00%.The ipsilateral site of occurrence was the highest when compared to the site of occurrence of CMT with an in⁃cidence of 75.00%.The bilateral SCM thickness ratio(2.41±0.95)%and difference(0.69±0.20)cm were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.131,3.466,P<0.05).Conclusion CMT and DDH have a certain concomitant incidence,and are prevalent in children of low day old,with Graf II subtypes predominating.DDH occurs more often on the left side and has the highest incidence on the ipsi⁃lateral side when compared with the site of CMT,which has a certain auxiliary value for the early clinical detection,di⁃agn

关 键 词：小儿先天性肌性斜颈 先天性髋关节发育不良 胸锁乳突肌 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科]