武汉军运会前后大气PM2.5化学组分和来源  

Chemical Constituents and Sources of PM2.5 Around the Wuhan Military Games Period

作　　者：刘世豪 孔少飞[1,2] 郑煌 陈楠[2,3] 祝波 祁士华 LIU Shi-hao;KONG Shao-fei;ZHENG Huang;CHEN Nan;ZHU Bo;QI Shi-hua(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Research Centre for Complex Air Pollution of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430074,China;Eco-Environmental Monitoring Centre of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430074 [2]湖北省大气复合污染研究中心,武汉430074 [3]湖北省生态环境监测中心站,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第12期6452-6462,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41830965,42077202);湖北省科技厅技术创新专项重大项目(2017ACA089)。

摘　　要：基于第七届世界军人运动会前后武汉大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))及其化学组分的在线监测数据,分析了管控前、管控期和管控后PM_(2.5)的质量浓度和化学组分,并通过PMF结合后向轨迹的聚类分析和浓度权重轨迹开展来源解析.研究揭示了军运会前后武汉市PM_(2.5)对本地和周边区域管控措施的响应,可为PM_(2.5)的区域精准防控提供依据.在减排措施影响下,管控期间ρ(PM_(2.5))为(31.3±12.0)μg·m^(-3),比管控前降低14.7%;而二次组分有明显生成,其中硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐(SNA)质量浓度升高25.6%.管控后由于湿度降低和西北气团的影响,SNA的质量浓度降低36.9%,矿质元素的质量浓度升高4.7倍.源解析表明管控前后机动车尾气的整体贡献率变化不显著(P<0.05).管控期工业排放和燃煤贡献分别较非管控期降低68.1%和43.7%,二次源贡献上升89.5%.由于并未针对机动车尾气采取大规模控制,管控期NO_(3)^(-)和NO_(x)的质量浓度分别升高了6.13μg·m^(-3)和3.56μg·m^(-3),机动车尾气的峰值[(10.9±3.67)μg·m^(-3)]出现在21:00,与管控期间货运车辆仅在夜间被允许通行有关.长江武汉段的禁航导致长江中下游航道船舶排放降低48.8%.长江安徽段附近存在开放源和工业排放的高值区域,反映了沿江密集分布的工业活动和道路运输.管控后开放源贡献量升高6.6倍,源区主要分布在襄阳和荆门.Hourly monitoring datasets of PM_(2.5) mass concentration and associated chemical compositions were used to investigate the variations in their mass concentrations before,during,and after the 7th Military World Games held in Wuhan.Furthermore,the source analysis was conducted through PMF combined with the backward trajectory and concentration weighted trajectory cluster analysis.The study revealed the variations in PM_(2.5) compositions and sources around the Wuhan Military Games period and their response to local and surrounding regional control measures.This can provide a reference for regional precise prevention and control of PM_(2.5).Under the influence of emission reduction measures,PM_(2.5) mass concentration during the control period[(31.3±12.0)μg·m-3]decreased by 14.7% compared with that before the control period,whereas the secondary components were obviously formed,in which sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium(SNA)increased by 25.6% in total.After the control period,owing to the decrease in humidity and the influence of the northwest air mass,the mass concentration of SNA decreased by 36.9%,whereas the mass concentration of mineral elements increased by 4.7 times.The source apportionment results indicated that there was no significant difference between the vehicle emissions before and after the control(P<0.05).Compared with that in the non-control period,the contributions of industrial emission and coal burning decreased by 68.1%and 43.7%,respectively,whereas the contribution of secondary inorganic aerosol increased by 89.5%.With the lack of large-scale control of vehicle emissions,the mass concentrations of NO_(3)^(-)and NO_(x) increased by 6.13μg·m^(-3) and 3.56μg·m^(-3),respectively.The vehicle emissions peaked at 21:00[(10.9±3.67)μg·m^(-3)],reflecting the emissions of cargo vehicles,which were only allowed to pass at night during the control period.With the banning of ship navigation,the ship emission in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River significantly decreased(48.8%).There were

关 键 词：武汉军运会 细颗粒物 管控措施 实时源解析 浓度权重轨迹 区域传输 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]