重庆典型在产石化场地土壤污染特征及来源解析  

Characteristics of Soil Pollution and Source Analysis of Typical Pollutants in the Petrochemical Site

作　　者：张渝蓉 罗帅 陈媛 曹军 刘斌[1] 刘元元[1] ZHANG Yu-rong;LUO Shuai;CHEN Yuan;CAO Jun;LIU Bin;LIU Yuan-yuan(Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第12期6933-6946,共14页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1800305)。

摘　　要：以重庆市某在产石化场地土壤为研究对象,采用正定矩阵分解模型等方法对研究区域土壤重金属和挥发性有机污染物进行污染源定量解析.结果表明:(1)石化场地及周边土壤中金属镉、铜、铅、汞和锰含量的平均值高于重庆地区土壤背景值,6%采样点中钴的含量高于建设用地第一类用地风险筛选值(GB 36600-2018);场地土壤中汞、锰、氯仿、乙苯、间/对-二甲苯和邻-二甲苯的污染程度较场地周边土壤更为严重,场地工业生产活动会对场地土壤造成显著污染.(2)场地土壤中8种重金属主要归为4类来源:62.50%镉、54.53%镍、54.12%铜、51.26%钴、49.34%铅和31.80%汞来自于工业和农业活动混合源;47.61%锰来自于场地原料生产活动排放和自然源;62.79%汞、21.57%砷、19.43%锰和18.42%镉来自于燃煤工业活动排放源;78.01%砷、46%铅、39.94%铜、38.15%镍、36.49%钴、26.12%锰和14.29%镉来自于成土母质源.(3)场地土壤中7种挥发性有机污染物主要归为3类来源:86.49%二氯甲烷和90.14%四氯乙烯来自于石化场地人为活动源;98.88%间/对-二甲苯、96.28%邻-二甲苯、84.62%乙苯和76.46%甲苯来自于石化场地污染物泄漏源,80.24%氯仿来自于自然源.Taking the soil of a petrochemical site in Chongqing as the research object,the pollution sources of heavy metals and volatile organic pollutants in the study area were quantitatively analyzed using principal component analysis and a positive definite matrix decomposition model.The research results showed that:①the average values of Cd,Cu,Pb,Hg,and Mn in the soil of the petrochemical site and its surrounding areas were higher than the soil background values in Chongqing,and the content of Co in 6%of sampling points was higher than the risk screening value of the first type of land use for construction land(GB 36600-2018).The pollution level of Hg,Mn,chloroform,ethylbenzene,m/p-xylene,and o-xylene in the soil of the site was more serious than that of the soil around the site.The industrial production activities of the site will cause significant pollution to the soil of the site.②Eight heavy metals in the soil could be classified into four sources:62.50%Cd,54.53%Ni,54.12%Cu,51.26%Co,49.34%Pb,and 31.80%Hg were from the mixed sources of industrial emissions and agricultural activities.A total of 47.61%Mn was from the mixed source of natural and raw material production activities;62.79%Hg,21.57%As,19.43%Mn,and 18.42%Cd were from the emission of coal-fired industrial activities;and 78.01%As,46%Pb,39.94%Cu,38.15%Ni,36.49%Co,26.12%Mn,and 14.29%Cd were from the original material soil.③Seven volatile organic compounds in the soil of the site were mainly classified into three types of sources:86.49%dichloromethane and 90.14%tetrachloroethylene were from human activities in petrochemical sites;98.88%m/p-xylene,96.28% o-ylene,84.62% ethylbenzene,and 76.46%toluene were from petrochemical site pollutant leakage sources;and 80.24%chloroform was from the natural sources.

关 键 词：石化场地 重金属 挥发性有机污染物(VOCs) 分布特征 污染状态 源解析 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]