中国式现代化进程中的家庭生育:困境、本质与提升对策  

Family reproduction in the process of Chinese modernization:dilemmas,essence and countermeasures for improvement

作　　者：张莉 徐国锋[2] 张忆 Zhang Li;Xu GuoFeng;Zhang Yi(School of Marxism,School of Artificial Intelligence,Chongqing 402160;Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160;College of Marxism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院马克思主义学院,重庆402160 [2]重庆文理学院人工智能学院,重庆402160 [3]重庆师范大学马克思主义学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆社会科学》2023年第12期88-104,共17页Chongqing Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国共产党红色基因引领家庭家教家风的实现路径研究”(21XKS006);中共重庆市永川区委党校关于“学习贯彻党的二十大精神”专项科研重点项目“中国式现代化的人类性与民族性研究”(YCDX2022A-002)。

摘　　要：党的二十大报告明晰了以中国式现代化全面推进民族复兴伟业的宏伟蓝图。人口现代化是中国式现代化的重要前提,对推动经济繁荣、促进全过程人民民主、推动文化强国、增进人民福祉、推进生态文明建设,具有全局性根本性基础性作用。然而,中国式现代化同时面临“少子化”“老龄化”的严峻挑战。研究以中国式现代化进程为动态坐标,结合实证调查研究,探寻中国式现代化进程中家庭生育面临的生育成本高、生育工作难平衡、生育新规吸引力弱等现实困境。运用马克思主义基本原理解析中国式现代化进程中家庭生育的本质,既是人作为主体对人的本质、生育本质的理性认识,也是对中国式现代化共富目标的高质量生育追求,是“按照美的规律来构造”的主体性实践,是生育现代化的深刻变革。其目的是实现人的自由而全面的发展,使人成为“一个具有许多规定和关系的丰富的总体”。马克思主义对生育本质的阐释为认识当前我国生育课题提供了独到的视角和深刻的启迪。理论和现实迫切要求从优化生育政策体系、提供女性生育支持、完善子女养护体系、营造生育友好环境方面着力,激发民众生育意愿,实现生育合理赓续,为实现中国式现代化储备必要的人力人才资源。The report of the Party's 20th National Congress clarified the grand blueprint for comprehensively promoting the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.The modernization of population is an important prerequisite for the Chinese-style modernization.It plays a fundamental and fundamental role in promoting economic prosperity,people's democracy throughout the process,strengthening cultural power,improving people's well-being,and promoting ecological progress.However,Chinese-style modernization is also facing the severe challenge of"fewer children"and"aging".Taking the process of Chinese modernization as dynamic coordinates,combined with empirical investigation and research,this study explores the realistic difficulties faced by families in the process of Chinese modernization,such as high fertility cost,difficult balance of fertility work and weak attraction of new fertility regulations.Using the basic principles of Marxism to analyze the nature of family reproduction in the process of Chinese modernization,it is not only the rational understanding of human nature and reproductive nature as a subject,but also the pursuit of high-quality fertility for the goal of common wealth in Chinese modernization,the subjective practice of"structuring according to the law of beauty",and the profound reform of reproductive modernization.Its aim is to achieve the free and comprehensive development of man as"a rich totality with many provisions and relations".Marxism's interpretation of the birth nature provides an original perspective and deep enlightenment for understanding the birth subject in our country at present.Theory and reality urgently require efforts to optimize the fertility policy system,provide female fertility support,improve the child care system,and create a childbearing friendly environment,so as to stimulate the people's fertility willingness,achieve reasonable and continuous fertility,and reserve the necessary human resources for the realization of Chinese-style modernization.

关 键 词：中国式现代化 生育意愿 生育本质 高质量生育 生育现代化 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学]