审委会社会资本影响难办案件决策的运行机制  

The Operational Mechanism of the Social Capital of the Adjudication Committee Influencing the Decisions on Difficult Cases

作　　者：郑朝菁 ZHENG Chaojing(School of Law,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学法学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期14-24,共11页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BFX001)。

摘　　要：要了解不同改革模式在建立合理审判权运行机制上的制度作为,必须先掌握影响审判权运行的制度性因素。司法实践中,审委会制度运行的不确定性是导致审判权运行秩序失范的制度性因素,若不能深刻掌握审委会制度影响审判权运行的内在制度逻辑,将制约改革决策的实施效果及改革方案的后续施行。只有正视现今审委会制度的结构功能,通过合理化改造,才能建立责权明晰的审判权运行机制。审委会的组织社会资本是影响难办案件决策的重要因素。行动的成功与社会资本正相关,处于较高初始位置或桥梁位置的中间人能获得更好的社会资本。难办案件中审委会及法院院长是沟通组织外部社会资本与内部社会资本的桥梁。审委会及院长从地方党政机关处获得维持组织运作、实现组织目标的社会资本;并在“合议庭—审委会—上级法院”的审判网络中充当连接外部社会资本、连接更高层次资源以及协调结构幅度的桥梁,抵御外部压力、分散内部责任;审委会的社会资本也影响了合议庭法官的决策行为及当事人的行动策略。地位强度因素比网络位置强度因素对社会资本的影响更大,受法院在当地政治网络中所处边缘位置的影响,法院外部社会资本通过审委会对裁判结果产生重大影响。为了抵御司法裁判中法院外部社会资本的重大影响,应当完善审委会制度、健全审判权力运行机制。转型趋势在于赋予等级制中的更低位置者(法院、法官)履职保障,弱化审判权运行机制中的行政化因素,加强相关制度的司法化改造。实现审委会职能的合理配置,减少对主审法官审判权独立行使的干预;优化法官会议的职能及议事规则,强化主审法官的实质性参与;完善法官责任制,平衡惩戒与激励之间的关系。In order to understand the institutional role of different reform models in establishing a rational mechanism for the operation of judicial power,one must first grasp the institutional factors that affect the operation of judicial power.In judicial practice,the uncertainty of the functioning of the adjudication committee system is an institutional factor that leads to the disorderly operation of judicial power.If we do not have a deep understanding of the internal institutional logic of the adjudication committee system that affects the operation of judicial power,we will limit the effectiveness of the implementation of reform decisions and the subsequent implementation of reform programs.It is only through a rationalization of the structure and function of the adjudication committee system that a clear mechanism for the operation of judicial power can be established.The organizational social capital of the adjudication committee is an important factor influencing decision-making in difficult cases.The success of the action is positively correlated with social capital,and intermediaries in bridging position or higher initial position have access to better social capital.In difficult cases,the adjudication committee and the court president are the bridge between the external social capital of the organization and the internal social capital.They obtain social capital from the local Party and government organizations to maintain the organization and achieve its goals,and act as a bridge between the external social capital,higherlevel resources and the range of structures in the trial network of“the collegial panel-the adjudication committee-the higher court”,counteracting external pressures and spreading internal responsibility.The social capital of the adjudication committee also influences the decision-making behaviour of the collegial panel judges and the action strategies of the parties.The strength of position factor has a greater impact on social capital than the strength of network position factor,and in

关 键 词：审委会 难办案件 司法决策 司法改革 社会资本 桥梁作用 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]