基于两种典型催化剂的聚硅氧烷合成研究  

Synthesis of polysiloxane based on two typical catalysts

作　　者：张鹏[1,2] 王蕾 施劲松 李世哲 冯晓东 刘刚 ZHANG Peng;WANG Lei;SHI Jin-song;LI Shi-zhe;FENG Xiao-dong;LIU Gang(Jinlin Engineering normal university,Jilin Changchun 130052,China;School-enterprise Joint Technology Innovation Laboratory of Novel Molecular Functional Materials of Jilin Province,Jilin Changchun 130052,China;Jilin Regi Performance Chemicals Co.Ltd,Jilin Jilin 132021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林工程技术师范学院,吉林长春130052 [2]新型分子功能材料吉林省校企联合技术创新实验室,吉林长春130052 [3]吉林瑞吉特殊化学品有限公司,吉林吉林132021

出　　处：《吉林工程技术师范学院学报》2023年第11期92-96,共5页Journal of Jilin Engineering Normal University

基　　金：吉林省教育厅产业化研究项目(JJKH20220192CY、JJKH20230237CY)。

摘　　要：聚硅氧烷是一种以Si-O-Si为主链的有机硅聚合物,其特殊结构赋予其诸多卓越的化学性质,如热稳定性、生理惰性、透气性等,因此能够广泛应用于各领域化工产品的制造之中。合成聚硅氧烷的催化剂主要有两类,一类是酸性催化剂,如质子酸、路易斯酸和固体酸,另一类是碱性催化剂,主要包括季铵氢氧化物、碱金属氢氧化物等。本文在前期研究的基础上选取浓硫酸和酸性白土两种典型催化剂,以八甲基环四硅氧烷(D 4)和1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷(HMM)制备氢封端聚二甲基硅氧烷(HPDMS)的过程为例,探讨选用不同催化剂对聚硅氧烷合成工艺的影响。研究结果表明:以浓硫酸为催化剂,优点是液体催化剂与原料混合均匀,反应条件温合,缺点是工艺流程较为繁琐,产生大量固体沉渣,分离和处理成本较高;以酸性白土为催化剂,优点是工艺流程中不需要中和与蒸馏步骤,工艺过程相对简单,生产成本较低,缺点是固体废弃物的分离过滤较复杂。综上,本实验范围内酸性白土是一种较理想的聚硅氧烷合成催化剂。Polysiloxane is an organosilicon polymer with Si-O-Si as the main chain,the special structure gives it many outstanding chemical properties,such as thermal stability,physiological inertia and breathability,etc.Therefore,it could be widely used in the manufacture of chemical products in various fields.There are two main types of catalysts for the synthesis of polysiloxanes,first type is acidic catalyst,such as proton acid,Lewis's acid and solid acid,the other is alkaline catalyst,including quaternary ammonium hydroxide,alkali metal hydroxide and so on.In this study,two typical catalysts,concentrated sulfuric acid and acid clay were selected based on previous studies,and the process of preparation of Hydrogen-terminated polydimethylsiloxane(HPDMS)by octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane(D 4)and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane(HMM)was used as example to discuss the influence of different catalysts on the synthesis process of polysiloxane.The results show that the advantage of sulfuric acid is that the liquid catalyst and raw material are mixed evenly and the reaction conditions are warm,and the disadvantage is that the process is more complicated,produce a lot of solid sediment,higher separation and treatment costs;the advantage of using acid clay is that neutralization and distillation steps are not required in the process,the process is relatively simple and lower production cost,and the disadvantage is that the separation and filtration of solid waste is more complicated.Based on the above dission,acid clay is an ideal catalyst for polysiloxane synthesis in this study.

关 键 词：聚硅氧烷 催化 浓硫酸 酸性白土 

分 类 号：TQ326.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]