明代地方公共典礼的庙堂设计  

The Content and Origin of the Local Public Ceremonies in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：李媛[1] Li Yuan(Faculty for the Study of Asian Civilizations,Northeast Normal University,Jilin,Changchun,130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学亚洲文明研究院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《古代文明（中英文）》2024年第1期125-135,159,160,共13页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明代地方社会的公共典礼与礼仪秩序研究”(项目批号:19BZS050)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明代地方公共典礼不同于庙堂典礼和庶民礼仪,是指在各府州县乡、都司卫所等地方的公共领域内公开举行的,由地方政府官员主导、官民共同参与的仪式活动。地方公共典礼以仪式展演的方式表达对地方公共事务的关注,于润物无声中指向地方社会秩序的建构。明代的官方礼书、典制类史籍,以及大量官箴书中关于地方公共典礼的集中记载,展现了庙堂设计视角下公共典礼的形成及其内容。具体来讲主要包含3类:一类是官署公式,包括新官到任典礼、朝廷遣使各处开读诏敕典礼、进春鞭春仪、庆典朝贺仪与进表笺仪、日月食救护仪;一类是崇教化类礼仪,包括庙学释奠、释菜与行香礼,以及乡饮酒礼、乡射礼;一类是公共祀典,主要指各级各类坛庙祭祀。这些典礼仪式举行于开放的公共空间,以地方公共事务为内容,体现了地方社会的公共权力,推进了地方公共礼仪文化的形成。对明代地方公共典礼的研究,是理解明代地方社会礼仪秩序建构的重要内容。Local public ceremonies refer to the ritual activities held in public at local level,commonly led and participated by local officials as well as common people.They are different from court ceremonies and private rituals.Usually focused on local affairs,these ceremonies were held commonly aiming at enhancing social order.By examination of the official ritual and historical documents,in addition to books on the admonition of officials,the content and origin of the local public ceremonies can be generally reconstructed mainly in three categories,namely,governmental etiquettes,ritual activities to promote school and social education and public worship.Held publicly with particular public affairs concerns,these ceremonies demonstrated the existence of public apace in local society.The study of local public ceremonies is important for understanding the maintenance of social order at local level.

关 键 词：公共典礼 明代 庙堂设计 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K892.9[历史地理—中国史]