湖南出土战国时期蜻蜓眼玻璃珠的科学研究  

Scientific research on several eye glass beads of the Warring States Period unearthed in Hunan

作　　者：王宜飞 段晓明 董俊卿[3,4] 刘松 李青会[3,4] WANG Yifei;DUAN Xiaoming;DONG Junqing;LIU Song;LI Qinghui(Hunan Museum,Changsha 410005,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Archaeometry and Conservation Science(Hunan Museum),Changsha 410005,China;Sci-Tech Archaeology Center,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南博物院,湖南长沙410005 [2]科技考古与文物保护利用湖南省重点实验室(湖南博物院),湖南长沙410005 [3]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所科技考古中心,上海201800 [4]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电工程中心,北京100049

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2023年第6期58-68,共11页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(17YBA268);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2020SK2132)资助。

摘　　要：利用便携式能量色散型X射线荧光光谱仪和三维数字显微系统,对湖南出土的11颗战国时期典型的蜻蜓眼玻璃珠进行科学分析。基于获取的蜻蜓眼珠化学成分、表面和断面显微形貌等相关信息,确定了这批蜻蜓眼玻璃珠的成分体系、制作工艺和产地来源。研究结果表明:3颗蜻蜓眼玻璃珠属于泡碱型钠钙玻璃,1颗扁平蜻蜓眼玻璃珠为植物灰钠钙玻璃,均可能产自埃及或东地中海地区;3颗蜻蜓眼玻璃珠属于铅钡玻璃,还有4颗为钾钙玻璃,皆为战国时期典型的中国本土玻璃,应为楚国本地制作。这11颗蜻蜓眼玻璃珠均采用层叠镶嵌工艺,先制作珠体,然后再用不同玻璃条或片在未完全凝固的状态下进行镶嵌而成。Eye glass beads are the most typical type of glass artifacts from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasties in ancient China.They played a crucial role in cultural exchanges and technological dissemination between China and foreign countries,as well as in the origination and evolution of ancient Chinese glass technology.A large number of glass artifacts dated from the Warring States Period have been unearthed in Hunan Province,with more than 200 eye glass beads alone.Many scholars have paid attention to and conducted various studies on the glass products unearthed in Hunan Province over the past decades;however,there is still a lack of specialized scientific characterization and research on eye glass beads in general.The Chu State was one of the key regions for the origination and development of ancient glass technology in ancient China,as well as for technological and cultural exchanges.Hunan Province,located in the core area of the Chu State,is of great significance to the study of the status of Hunan in the origination and development of glass handicraft technology during the Warring States Period.In order to scientifically reveal the chemical composition systems,manufacturing techniques,provenances and cultural exchanges of eye glass beads dated to the Warring States Period unearthed in Hunan Province,eleven typical eye glass beads from Changsha,Changde and Hengyang of this period were selected for scientific analysis.A portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and a 3D digital microscopic system were used for non-destructive analysis of the chemical composition,surface and cross-sectional micro-structures.Based on a combination of the obtained scientific information with previous relevant research results,this study discusses and determines the flux system,manufacturing techniques and provenance of this batch of eye glass beads.Based on these results,it was found that the laminated inlay manufacturing technique was used for all the eleven eye glass beads

关 键 词：蜻蜓眼珠 湖南 战国 成分体系 制作工艺 

分 类 号：K876[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] O433.4[历史地理—历史学]