EIGA工艺参数对制备激光3D打印用TC4合金粉末特性的影响  

Effect of EIGA process parameters on the properties of TC4 alloy powder for laser 3D printing

作　　者：陈嘉璐 安然 董欢欢 张磊 CHEN Jialu;AN Ran;DONG Huanhuan;ZHANG Lei(Experimental Center,Shenyang Institute of Science and Technology,Shenyang 110167,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳科技学院实验中心,辽宁沈阳110167 [2]东北大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《粉末冶金工业》2023年第6期38-44,共7页Powder Metallurgy Industry

基　　金：沈阳科技学院重点科研项目(ZD-2021-02)。

摘　　要：电极感应真空熔炼气雾化(EIGA)是制备激光3D打印用高纯度高性能TC4钛合金粉末的关键技术之一,合金粉末的球形度、流动性、松装密度、粒径尺寸、空心球率等粉末特征对成形高强韧性合金具有重要影响。实验采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪及霍尔流速计等测试手段,研究了工艺参数对制备钛合金粉末特性的影响规律,并对不同粒度粉末的表面微观结构和性能特征进行了表征。研究结果表明:制备工艺参数对制备TC4合金粉末的特性具有重要影响,在优化了的EIGA制备参数:功率为60 kW、旋转速度为5.5 r/min、给进速率为650μm/s、雾化气压为6.0 MPa及导管伸出长度为2 mm等条件下,成功制备出了低含氧量0.11%、成分与粉末特性指标符合激光3D打印需要的球形TC4合粉末。制备的合金粉末的球形度达到98%,粉末主要尺寸为1~150μm,粉末松装密度为2.870 g/cm^(3),空心球率不高于3%;其中尺寸为1~54μm合金粉末约占总体粉末的26%,而尺寸为54~150μmm粉末约占总体的53%,流动性平均值为25 s/50g。该方法制备的TC4合金粉末球形度高,表面光滑,物相为密排六方α-Ti单相固溶体,成分均匀,满足激光直接沉积3D打印技术制备零件的需求。Electrode induced vacuum melting and atomization(EIGA) is one of the key technologies for preparing high-purity and high-performance TC4 titanium alloy powder for laser 3D printing, and the powder characteristics such as sphericity, flowability, apparent density, particle size and hollow sphericity of the alloy powder have an important impact on forming high strength and toughness alloy. In this paper, by suing testing methods such as metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and Hall flowmeter,the influence of process parameters on the characteristics of titanium alloy powder preparation was studied, and the surface microstructure and performance characteristics of powders with different particle sizes were characterized. The research results show that the preparation process parameters have an important influence on the properties of TC4 alloy powder. Under the optimized conditions of the preparation of EIGA, with power of 60 kW,the rotation speed of 5.5 r/min, the feeding rate of 650 μm/s, the atomization pressure of 6.0 MPa and the extension length of the tube of 2 mm, the spherical TC4 alloy powder with low oxygen content of 0.11% was successfully prepared, and the composition and powder parameters that meet the needs of laser 3D printing was obtained. The sphericity of the prepared alloy powder reached 98%;the main size of the powder was between1 and 150 μm;the apparent density of the powder was 2.870 g/cm^(3);and the hollow ball rate was ≤ 3%. Among them, the alloy powder with size of 1-53 μm accounts for about 26% of the total powder, while the powder with size of 54-150 μm accounts for about 53% of the total powder;the average flowability is 25 s/50g. The TC4 alloy powder prepared by this method has high sphericity, smooth surface, dense hexagonal, α-Ti single-phase solid solution, uniform composition, and meets the requirements of parts prepared by laser direct deposition 3D printing technology.

关 键 词：激光3D打印 EIGA 工艺参数 TC4合金 粉末特性 

分 类 号：TF125.2[冶金工程—粉末冶金]