氟醚橡胶在不同介质下的热老化行为与机理研究  

Thermal Aging Behavior and Mechanism of Fluoroether Rubber under Different Media

作　　者：刘俊邦 张少锋[1] 李璞 张洪彬[1] 陈荻云 唐庆云 LIU Jun-bang;ZHANG Shao-feng;LI Pu;ZHANG Hong-bin;CHEN Di-yun;TANG Qing-yun(Electronic Fifth Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Guangzhou 510610,China;China Aerospace Hunan Power Machinery Research Institute,Hunan Zhuzhou 412000,China)

机构地区：[1]工业和信息化部电子第五研究所,广州510610 [2]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2023年第12期70-77,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的对氟醚橡胶FM-2D在空气与飞马Ⅱ号润滑油中的热老化行为与机理进行研究。方法开展氟醚橡胶高温贮存试验,在热氧、热油的介质环境下,研究氟醚橡胶的力学性能退化规律。试验后对样品的拉伸性能、压缩性能以及硬度进行检测,并且利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜以及X射线电子能谱对试验后样品进行检测。结果通过热老化试验,发现氟醚橡胶在200℃以下能够长期维持较好的力学性能。试验温度在200℃以上,氟醚橡胶的力学性能出现明显退化趋势,并且在热空气与热油中的老化趋势不同。在220℃的热空气老化31 d后,氟醚橡胶的拉伸强度下降27.0%,断裂伸长率增大89.8%,压缩应力松弛率为34.6%,硬度下降8.7%。在220℃的热油老化31 d后,氟醚橡胶的拉伸强度下降85.9%,断裂伸长率下降83.9%,压缩应力松弛率为‒17.5%,硬度上升4.2%。结论在热空气老化过程中,橡胶分子链受热氧影响发生断裂,使其强度下降;在热油老化过程中,油介质和高温的耦合作用使橡胶的交联网络失效,橡胶发硬变脆。The work aims to study the thermal aging behavior and mechanism of fluoroether rubber FM-2D in air and Pegasus II lubricating oil.The storage test of fluoroether rubber at high temperature was carried out,and the degradation law of mechanical properties of fluoroether rubber was investigated in air and oil.The tensile properties,compressive properties and hardness of the samples were tested after the aging test.A Fourier infrared spectrometer,a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray electron spectroscopy were used to detect and analyze the samples after the test to explore the aging mechanism.The result showed that fluoroether rubber could maintain good mechanical properties for a long time at 200℃.While when the temperature was above 200℃,the mechanical properties of fluoroether rubber degraded obviously.After 31 days of aging in hot air at 220℃,the tensile strength of fluoroether rubber decreased by 27.0%,the elongation at break increased by 89.8%,the relaxation rate of compressive stress was 34.6%,and the hardness decreased by 8.7%.After 31 days of hot oil aging at 220℃,the tensile strength of fluoroether rubber decreased by 85.9%,the elongation at break decreased by 83.9%,the relaxation rate of compressive stress was‒17.5%,and the hardness increased by 4.2%.Through analysis and characterization,it is founded that the molecular chain of rubber is broken under the influence of hot oxygen during the aging process of hot air,and the strength of rubber decreases.In hot oil aging,the coupling effect of oil medium and high temperature makes the crosslinking network of rubber fail,and the rubber becomes hard and brittle.

关 键 词：氟醚橡胶 热老化 力学性能 X射线光电子能谱 

分 类 号：TN06[电子电信—物理电子学]