不同木薯品种留叶数处理的叶绿素荧光和产量差异  

Difference of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Yield in Different Cassava Varieties and Leaves Remained Treatments

作　　者：林洪鑫[1] 张志华 吕丰娟[1] 汪瑞清[1] 吕茹洁 肖运萍[1] 袁展汽[1] LIN Hongxin;ZHANG Zhihua;LYU Fengjuan;WANG Ruiqing;LYU Rujie;XIAO Yunping;YUAN Zhanqi(Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System for the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaurs,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/农业农村部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第12期2437-2448,共12页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31760359);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(No.CARS-11)。

摘　　要：以紧凑型品种SC205、GR4和伞型品种SC12、SC15为试验材料,设计9、36、63、90片留叶数和不摘叶等5个处理,研究不同品种和不同留叶数处理的叶绿素荧光和鲜薯产量差异,以期明确不同生育时期和留叶数的功能叶叶绿素荧光差异以及叶片数对产量的影响。结果表明:随着留叶数的增加,鲜薯产量增加,薯数、茎叶鲜重和收获指数呈先增后降的趋势。9、36、63、90片留叶数和不摘叶处理的平均单株产量分别为0.94、2.22、2.65、2.91、3.35 kg。紧凑型品种的最大荧光产量(F_(m))和最大量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m))大于伞型品种,紧凑型F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(m)分别为0.885、0.739,伞型分别为0.838、0.707。最小荧光产量(F_(0))小于伞型品种,2种株型品种分别为0.219、0.231。随着摘叶时期的递进,F_(0)、F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(m)、ETR和Y(Ⅱ)下降。随着PAR的增加,ETR逐渐升高,Y(Ⅱ)先急剧下降、再平缓下降。不同株型木薯品种的叶绿素荧光变化趋势一致,而不同留叶数处理的变化规律存在差异。植株留叶数较少时,木薯功能叶的ETR和Y(Ⅱ)略有提高。Using compact varieties SC205,GR4 and umbrella varieties SC12,SC15 as the experimental materials,five treatments of 9,36,63,90 leaves remained and no leaves removed were designed to study the differences of chlorophyll fluorescence and fresh tuber root yield to clarify the differences of chlorophyll fluorescence of functional leaves in dif-ferent growth stages and leaves remained treatments and the effects of leaves number on fresh tuber root yield.The re-sults showed that with the increase of leaves,the fresh tuber root yield increased,and the tuber root number,the fresh weight of stems and leaves and the harvest index increased first and then decreased.The average of tuber root yield per plant of 9,36,63,90 and no leaf removed treatments was 0.94 kg,2.22 kg,2.65 kg,2.91 kg and 3.35 kg,respectively.The maximum fluorescence yield(F_(m))and maximum quantum yield(F_(v)/F_(m))of compact varieties were higher than those of umbrella varieties.F_(m)and F_(v)/F_(m)of compact varieties was 0.885 and 0.739,respectively,and those of umbrella varie-ties was 0.838 and 0.707,respectively.The minimum fluorescence yield(F_(0))of compact type was smaller than that of umbrella type,and that for the two plant type varieties was 0.219 and 0.231,respectively.F_(0),F_(m),F_(v)/F_(m),ETR and Y(II)decreased with the progress of leaf removed.With the increase of PAR,ETR increased gradually,and Y(II)decreased sharply first and then slowly.The variation trend of chlorophyll fluorescence of cassava varieties with different plant types was the same,but the variation rule of different leaves was different.The ETR and Y(II)of cassava functional leaves increased slightly when the number of leaves remained was small.

关 键 词：木薯 品种 留叶数 产量 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]