水心病菠萝果肉组织石蜡切片显微观察与分析  

Analysis and Microscopic Observation of Paraffin Sections of Pineap-ple Pulp in Watercore

作　　者：姚艳丽[1,2,3,4] 吴严 李明伟 付琼 刘胜辉[1,2,3] 朱祝英 张秀梅[1,2,3] YAO Yani;WU Yan;LI Mingwei;FU Qiong;LIU Shenghui;ZHU Zhuying;ZHANG Xiumei(South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524013,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524013,China;Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products,Zhan-jiang,Guangdong 524013,China;Zhanjiang Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524013 [2]农业农村部热带果树生物学重点实验室,广东湛江524013 [3]海南省热带园艺产品采后生理与保鲜重点实验室,广东湛江524013 [4]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524013

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第12期2514-2519,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(No.2019RC287);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2019A1515011186);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设专项资金(No.2023KJ109)。

摘　　要：水心病是一种菠萝果实生理性病害,导致菠萝果肉组织的细胞间隙充满细胞液而呈现出水渍状,严重影响果实的食用价值和商品价值。水心病已困扰菠萝产业发展多年,但其发生机制尚不清楚。为了探讨菠萝水心病的发病机理,本研究以菠萝主栽品种巴厘为材料,采用石蜡切片的方法对菠萝果实水心病发生过程及正常果和水心病果不同组织部位(花托、心皮、果序轴)进行显微观察。结果显示:菠萝果肉细胞结构与水心病密切相关:正常果实果肉细胞结构完整,细胞间隙明显,维管束形态结构完整,韧皮部细胞排列紧密整齐,木质部导管排列规则;而水心病果实果肉细胞受挤压变形,细胞壁破裂导致细胞结构不完整,维管束形态结构破坏,韧皮部挤压变形,木质部导管破坏形成一个空腔,随着水心病的发病进程加深,木质部空腔越大。通过对正常果实和水心病果实不同组织部位的形态观察,发现不同组织部位水心病导致的细胞结构变化基本一致,不同组织部位维管束形态结构存在明显差异,果序轴和花托部位的维管束符合单子叶植物维管束的典型特征,在每个维管束的外围,有厚壁机械组织组成的维管束鞘所包围。而在维管束两端,厚壁细胞更多。维管束鞘的里面为初生韧皮部和初生木质部,无束中形成层。而心皮部位的维管束结构则为非典型结构,大多数维管束外围无维管束鞘包围。不同组织部位以果序轴的维管组织最发达,其次是花托,心皮的维管束组织最不发达。此结果揭示了菠萝水心病发生过程中的组织形态变化,可为水心病发生机理的深入研究提供参考。Watercore is a kind of physiological disease of pineapple fruit,which causes the intercellular space of pine-apple pulp tissue to be filled with cell fluid and appear as water-soaked,which seriously affects the edible value and commercial value of the fruit.Watercore has troubled the development of pineapple industry for many years,but its mechanism is not clear.In order to explore the pathogenesis of watercore in pineapple,this study took the main pineap-ple cultivar Comte de paris as the material,the paraffin section method was used to observe the process of watercore in pineapple fruit and the different tissue parts of normal and watercore fruit(flower stock,carpel,fruit sequence axis).The results showed that the cell structure of pineapple pulp was closely related to watercore:the cell structure of normal fruit pulp was complete,the cell space was obvious,the vascular bundle was intact,the phloem cells were arranged tightly and neatly,and the xylem ducts were arranged regularly.However,fruit flesh cells in watercore are squeezed and deformed,and the cell wall rupture results in incomplete cell structure,destruction of vascular bundle morphology,ex-trusion and deformation of phloem,and destruction of xylem ducts to form a cavity.With the deepening of the onset process of watercore,the xylem cavity becomes larger.Through the morphological observation of different tissue parts of normal fruits and fruit with watercore,it was found that the changes of cell structure caused by watercore in different tissue parts were basically the same.There were obvious differences in vascular bundle morphology and structure in different tissue parts.The vascular bundles in the fruit sequence axis and receptacle were in accordance with the typical characteristics of vascular bundles in monocotyledons.The vascular bundles were surrounded by a sheath composed of thick-walled mechanical tissue at the periphery of each vascular bundle.On the other hand,there were more sachmatous cells at both ends of the vascular bundle.The inner par

关 键 词：菠萝 水心病 细胞结构 石蜡切片 维管束 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]