不同裂解温度下3种豆科植物生物炭理化特性分析  

Analysis of Physicochemical Characteristics of Biochar from Three Legume Plants at Different Pyrolysis

作　　者：徐玉娥 邵晓辉 谢军海 丁榕 柯用春 XU Yu’e;SHAO Xiaohui;XIE Junhai;DING Rong;KE Yongchun(Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Sanya City,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;Nanjing Hongtai Environmental Testing Co.,LTD,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211500,China;Sinochem Modern Agriculture(Hubei)Co.,LTD,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China;Agricultural Service Center of Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County,Hainan Province,Baoting,Hainan 572300,China;Hainan Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County Agricultural product Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Service Center,Baoting,Hainan 572300,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚市农业农村局,海南三亚572000 [2]南京泓泰环境检测有限公司,江苏南京211500 [3]中化现代农业(湖北)有限公司,湖北武汉430000 [4]海南省保亭黎族苗族自治县农业服务中心,海南保亭572300 [5]海南省保亭黎族苗族自治县农产品质量安全检验检测服务中心,海南保亭572300

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第12期2528-2536,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41771340);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.320RC493);海南省自然科学基金项目(No.320QN196)。

摘　　要：为研究3种豆科植物在不同温度下裂解所得生物炭的理化性质差异,确定适宜用于热带地区酸性土壤改良的生物炭。以花生秸秆、大豆秸秆和柱花草3种豆科植物为原料,在300、500、700℃下制备成花生秸秆炭(Pe)、大豆秸秆炭(Be)和柱花草炭(St),利用傅里叶红外光谱仪对生物炭表面官能团进行定性分析,并测定生物炭的pH、C和N含量等理化性质。结果表明:3种原料制备的生物炭在500℃显著高于300℃,500℃后基本平稳;生物炭的N含量和产率随温度升高而降低,3种材料制备的生物炭中,Be的碳含量和C/N最高,N含量和产率最低;生物炭的灰分含量、灰分碱度和pH均随裂解温度升高而升高,同一裂解温度,不同材料均表现为Be>St>Pe;生物炭的孔径和比表面积均随温度升高而增大;3种原料生物炭随温度升高形成更稳定的芳香族化合物,结构主要以C=O和C=C为主。该研究豆科植物生物炭适宜的热解温度为500℃,温度再升高,对生物炭理化性质影响不大。综上,500℃裂解生成的大豆生物炭适合于农田酸性土壤改良,而花生和柱花草生物炭有利于农田土壤固碳减排。To study the differences in the physical and chemical properties of biochar obtained from three legumes at different temperatures,and to determine the appropriate temperature range for legume biochar.Using leguminous plant peanut straw,soybean straw and stylofoam as raw materials,peanut straw biochar(Pe),soybean straw biochar(Be)and stylofoam biochar(St)were prepared at 300℃,500℃and 700℃.A Fourier infrared spectrometer was used to qualita-tively analyze the functional groups on the surface of the biochar,and the surface morphology of the biochar was ob-served with a scanning electron microscope,and the physical and chemical properties,such as pH,C and N content,were measured.The results showed that the carbon content of biochar prepared from three kinds of raw materials in-creased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature at 300℃to 500℃,and was basically stable after 500℃;the nitrogen content and yield of biochar decreased with the increase of temperature.Among the biomass charcoal prepared from the three materials,Be has the highest carbon content and C/N,and N content and yield are the lowest.The ash content,ash alkalinity and pH of biochar all increase with the increase of pyrolysis temperature.The same pyrolysis ash alkalinity and pH of biochar all increase with the increase of pyrolysis temperature.The same pyrolysis temperature and different materials are all expressed as Be>St>Pe.Both the pore size and specific surface area of biochar increase with increasing temperature.The three raw materials of biochar form more stable aromatic compounds with increasing temperature,and the structure is mainly C=O and C=C.In this study,the suitable pyrolysis temperature of legume bio-char is 500℃,and the temperature rises again,which has little effect on the physical and chemical properties of biochar.In summary,the soybean biochar produced by cracking at 500℃is more used in farmland soil improvement,and can also try soil remediation,carbon sequestration and emission reduction applications.

关 键 词：生物炭 制炭率 豆科植株 裂解温度 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]