基于USLE模型的水土流失特征研究——以毕节市为例  

Research on Soil and Water Loss Characteristics Based on the USLE Model——A Case Study of Bijie City

作　　者：白易 徐慢慢 BAI Yi;XU Man-man(School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,Guizhou,550018;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed,Guiyang,Guizhou,550018)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院地理与资源学院,贵州贵阳550018 [2]贵州省流域地理国情监测重点实验室,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《贵州师范学院学报》2023年第12期51-61,共11页Journal of Guizhou Education University

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划(一般项目)“贵州省地理空间大数据安全与隐私保护机制研究”(黔科合基础[2018]1120);贵州省省级“金课”土地法学建设项目(2022JKXX0128)。

摘　　要：水土流失是全球生态环境的突出问题和难题。为了解毕节市水土流失特征,对该地区2000、2010、2020年三期共跨度20年的水土流失状况进行了定量分析,利用土壤、土地利用、降水、数字高程和植被等数据,结合USLE模型和ArcGIS软件进行叠加分析,探析土壤流失变化特征。结果表明,研究区以轻度侵蚀为主,从2000年至2020年,总体来看水土流失呈减轻的趋势,土地利用中耕地、林地、草地水土流失面积大但侵蚀等级不高,水域、人造地表剧烈侵蚀面积最小;从坡度上看,以面积占最大的微坡级别为主;在不同坡度下,侵蚀程度较轻的水土流失面积表现出了下降的趋势,而侵蚀程度较严重的水土流失面积则表现出了略微上升的趋势。Soil and water loss is a prominent issue and challenge in the global ecological environment.In order to understand the characteristics of soil and water loss in Bijie City,a quantitative analysis of the soil and water loss status spanning 20 years in three periods(2000,2010,and 2020)was conducted.Soil,land use,precipitation,digital elevation,and vegetation data were used in conjunction with the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE)model and ArcGIS software for overlay analysis to explore the characteristics of soil erosion.The results indicate that the study area is mainly characterized by slight erosion.From 2000 to 2020,the overall trend of soil and water loss shows a decrease.Although cultivated land,forest land,and grassland have large areas of soil and water loss,the erosion grade is not high.Water bodies and artificial surfaces exhibit the smallest areas of severe erosion.In terms of slope,areas with a slight slope dominate.Under different slope conditions,areas with lighter soil and water loss show a decreasing trend,while areas with more severe soil and water loss exhibit a slight increase.

关 键 词：USLE模型 水土流失 侵蚀评价 毕节市 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]