电波大气折射误差精细化修正系统设计与验证  

Design and verification of high precision correction system for radio wave atmospheric refraction error

作　　者：张国亭 王宏[2] 朱庆林[3] 董翔[3] ZHANG Guoting;WANG Hong;ZHU Qinglin;DONG Xiang(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking Telecommunication Technolog,Beijing 100094,China;China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073 [2]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [3]中国电波传播研究所,青岛266107

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2023年第6期1074-1081,共8页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项资助。

摘　　要：针对高轨卫星S/Ka频段厘米级高精度测距系统大气折射误差修正需求,设计了可工程化实现的大气折射误差精细化修正系统.系统主要通过基于微波辐射计的微弱微波辐射信号接收技术、自定标技术、湿延迟模型构建、折射率模型构建提高对流层环境探测精度,通过基于GNSS硬件延迟估计技术研究提高电离层环境探测精度,进而提升大气折射误差修正精度.在我国青岛、海口、昆明、拉萨及满洲里五个典型气候地区的试验数据分析表明:对流层折射率误差均方根偏差约为3.64 N单位,较大的地区为海口和青岛,分别为6.3 N单位和5.2N单位,且试验期间不同时刻的折射率误差差距较大,体现了沿海地区气候时空变化较为明显的特性;电离层垂直电子总含量平均值为1.19 TECU,较大的地区为昆明和海口,分别为1.4 TECU和1.92 TECU,体现了低纬度地区电离层变化较为剧烈的特性.大气折射误差精细化修正系统可以提供高精度的对流层、电离层折射修正值,验证内容和结果具有代表性,可以为高轨卫星高精度测定轨提供支持.Aimed at the requirements of centimeter level high-precision ranging correction in the S/Ka frequency band of high orbit satellites,a high precision correction system for atmospheric refraction error is designed.The system mainly improves the detection accuracy of the tropospheric environment through the weak microwave radiation signal receiving technology based on the microwave radiometer,self-calibration technology,wet delay model and refractive index model construction,and improves the detection accuracy of the ionospheric environment through the research based on GNSS hardware delay estimation technology,which improving the correction accuracy of atmospheric refraction error.The analysis of the test data in five typical climate regions such as Qingdao,Haikou,Kunming,Lhasa and Manzhouli in China shows that the root mean square deviation of tropospheric refractive index error is about 3.64 N unit,and the larger regions are Haikou and Qingdao,which are 6.3 N unit and 5.2 N unit respectively.The refractive index error distinction at different times during the test is large,which implies the obvious characteristics of climate change in coastal areas in time and space.The average value of ionospheric vertical total electron content(VTEC)is 1.19 TECU,and the larger areas are Kunming and Haikou,which are 1.4 TECU and 1.92 TECU respectively,implying the characteristics of relatively violent ionospheric changes in low latitude areas.The test contents and results are representative and can provide support for the construction of high-precision orbit determination system for high orbit satellites.

关 键 词：测定轨 GNSS 自定标 微波辐射计 电离层总电子含量(TEC) 对流层折射率 大气折射误差 

分 类 号：TN011.3[电子电信—物理电子学]