离子液体在电池电解质中的应用现状  

The application status of ionic liquids in electrolytes for battery

作　　者：朱一鸣 俞小花[1] 谢刚[1,2] 沈庆峰 ZHU Yi-ming;YU Xiao-hua;XIE Gang;SHEN Qing-feng(School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650503,China;State Key Laboratory of Pressure Hydrometallurgy Technology for Co Associated Nonferrous Metal Resources,Kunming,Yunnan 650503,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650503 [2]共伴生有色金属资源加压湿法冶金技术国家重点实验室,云南昆明650503

出　　处：《电池》2023年第6期673-677,共5页Battery Bimonthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51774160)。

摘　　要：离子液体根据阳离子的结构特点,可分为咪唑类、吡咯类、季铵盐类和聚合物类等。离子液体具有很好的理化性质,在电池电解质中应用广泛。结合离子液体应用于金属空气电池电解质、超级电容器电解质、燃料电池电解质的研究实例和离子液体的理化性质,剖析将离子液体应用到各电池电解质中的优缺点,以改善和解决上述电池传统电解质存在的析氢腐蚀、副反应产物、室温下不稳定及环境污染等问题。对于离子液体的发展和改善,提出引入官能团和添加金属盐的设想。According to the structural characteristics of cation,ionic liquids could be divided into imidazoles,pyrroles,quaternary ammonium salts and polymers.Due to the good physical and chemical properties,ionic liquids had been well applied in battery electrolytes.Combined with the application of ionic liquids in metal-air battery electrolyte,supercapacitor electrolyte,fuel cell electrolyte and other research examples and the physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids,the advantages and disadvantages of applying ionic liquids to each battery electrolyte were analyzed.The problems of hydrogen precipitation and corrosion,the by-products of side reactions,unstable at room temperature and the environmental pollution of the traditional electrolyte of the above batteries were improved and solved.For the development and improvement of ionic liquids,the introduction of functional groups and the addition of metal salts were proposed.

关 键 词：离子液体 电化学 电解质 应用 金属空气电池 超级电容器 燃料电池 

分 类 号：TM533[电气工程—电器] TM911.4