基于Web的大规模三维空间模型高效可视化关键技术  

Key Technologies for Efficient Visualization of Large Scale 3D Spatial Models Based on Web

作　　者：刘刚[1,2,3] 陈根深 陈麒玉 吴雪超[1,2,3] LIU Gang;CHEN Genshen;CHEN Qiyu;WU Xuechao(School of Computer Science,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-information Processing,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Geological Resources and Environment Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)计算机学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]智能地学信息处理湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]智慧地质资源环境技术湖北省工程研究中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2023年第12期8-13,共6页Geospatial Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U1711267,41942039);地学长江计划面上项目(CUGCJ1810)。

摘　　要：在网络环境下客户端对大规模的三维空间模型进行可视化时仍存在着渲染时间长、计算量大等诸多问题,表现为模型遮挡剔除计算效率低、模型数据传输效率低以及渲染不同模型时存在性能和质量不平衡问题等方面。针对上述问题,提出了针对不同的空间模型剔除粒度的优化选择策略、基于WebGPU计算管线的遮挡剔除算法和基于多线程的大规模三维空间模型数据快速调度方案,降低了离线遮挡剔除方法的预处理时间消耗,提高了模型切换的效率和场景渲染的速率。开发了基于Web的大规模三维空间模型可视化原型系统,开展了不同尺度的三维模型加载与可视化实验,结果表明,本文方法可以有效减少网络环境下大规模三维空间模型数据可视化的加载和渲染时间,增强用户体验。In the network environment,there are still many problems when clients visualize large-scale 3D spatial models,such as long rendering time and high computational complexity.These problems are manifested in low computational efficiency of model occlusion culling,low data transmission efficiency of models,and imbalanced performance and quality when rendering different models.To solve the above problems,we proposed optimization selection strategies for different spatial model removal granularity,an occlusion culling algorithm based on WebGPU com-puting pipeline and a large-scale 3D spatial model data fast scheduling scheme based on multithreading,which reduced the preprocessing time consumption of offline occlusion removal methods and improved the efficiency of model switching and scene rendering speed.We developed a web-based large-scale 3D spatial model visualization prototype system,and conducted experiments on loading and visualization of 3D models at different scales.The results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the loading and rendering time of large-scale 3D spatial model data visualization in network environment,and enhance user experience.

关 键 词：大规模三维空间模型 可视化 WebGPU 场景调度 遮挡剔除 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]