河北省农村老年人健康养老服务需求及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the demands and influencing factors of elderly care services in rural areas of Hebei Province

作　　者：孙秀娜 梅佳 秦殿菊[1] 徐静[1] 白江涛[1] 段莉[1] SUN Xiuna;MEI Jia;QIN Dianju;XU Jing;BAI Jiangtao;DUAN Li(Chengde Medical University,Chengde Hebei 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院,河北承德067000

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2024年第1期87-92,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：2023年度河北省社会科学发展研究课题(20230205059);河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(SQ2023044),承德医学院青年基金项目(202015);承德市社科联项目(20233281)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解河北省农村老年人生活照护、医疗护理、精神慰藉健康养老服务需求、空巢与非空巢老年人健康养老服务需求的差异性,为农村养老服务资源多元化供给及制定相关政策提供依据。[方法]以安德森模型为理论框架,分析农村老年人健康养老服务需求的影响因素。[结果]河北省农村老年人健康养老服务需求中有生活照护需求的占58.3%、有医疗护理需求占17.0%、有精神慰藉需求占34.4%。农村老年人空巢率为54.2%,61.8%的空巢老年人有生活照护需求、18.6%的空巢老年人有医疗护理需求、26.3%的空巢老年人有精神慰藉需求,均高于非空巢老年人。倾向因素中:年龄、文化程度对生活照护需求有影响,性别对精神慰藉需求有影响。使能因素中:空巢、婚姻状态、经济来源对生活照护需求均有影响,经济来源对医疗护理需求有影响,空巢、婚姻状态对精神慰藉需求均有影响。需要因素中:慢性病、自评健康状况、近一年内住院情况对健康养老服务需求均有影响。健康行为中:规律饮食、定期体检对健康养老服务需求均有影响,吸烟对医疗护理需求有影响。[结论]河北省农村空巢老年人健康养老服务需求高于非空巢老年人,对生活照护需求最高;倾向、使能、需要、健康行为因素对健康养老服务需求有不同程度的影响。Objective To understand the demands of elderly care services in life care,medical care and spiritual comfort in rural areas of Hebei Province,and differences of the demands of elderly care services for empty nesters and non-empty nesters,and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide the basis for the diversified supply of elderly care resources in rural areas and formulating relevant policies.Methods This paper analyzed the influencing factors of the demands of elderly care services in rural areas with Anderson model as the theoretical framework.Results Among the needs of elderly care services in rural areas of Hebei Province,58.3%of the elderly had needs of life care;17.0%of them had needs of medical care and 34.4%had needs of spiritual comfort.The rate of empty nesters in rural areas was 54.2%.61.8%of empty nesters had needs of life care;18.6%of empty nesters had needs of medical care,and 26.3%of empty nesters had needs of spiritual comfort,which were higher than those of non-empty nesters.Among the propensity factors,age and educational background had an effect on the demands of life care,and gender had an effect on the demands of spiritual comfort.Among the enabling factors,living alone,marital status and financial sources all affected the demands of life care.Financial sources affected the demands of medical care.Living alone and marital status affected the demands of spiritual comfort.Among the demanding factors,chronic diseases,self-rated health status and hospitalization in the past year all had an effect on the demands of elderly care services.In health behaviors,regular diet and regular physical examination had an effect on the demands of elderly care services;and smoking had an effect on the demands of medical care.Conclusions Demands of elderly care services of empty nesters in rural areas of Hebei Province are higher than that of non-empty nesters,and demands of life care are the highest.The factors of propensity,enabling,demanding and health behavior influence the demands of elderly care s

关 键 词：农村老年人 空巢 健康养老服务 需求 河北 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]