北川河流域次降雨引发典型径流影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Typical Runoff Caused by Sub-rainfall in Beichuan River Basin

作　　者：丁新辉 冯筱 田琴 张俊俊 刘孝盈[2] 刘广全[2] Ding Xinhui;Feng Xiao;Tian Qin;Zhang Junjun;Liu Xiaoying;Liu Guangquan(School of Geography and Environment,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712000,China;China Institute of water resources and hydropower,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院地理与环境学院,陕西咸阳712000 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《山西水土保持科技》2023年第4期43-48,共6页Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology in Shanxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2243210,U2243601);陕西省自然科学基础研究项目(2022JQ-176)。

摘　　要：为揭示引发北川河流域典型径流的次降雨特征及其影响因素,本研究通过整理不同历史时期北川河圪洞水文站降雨径流数据,采用最小二乘法对圪洞水文站典型径流与临近小流域不同雨量站降雨量间关系进行模拟。主要获得以下结论:(1)北川河流域进入21世纪以来的平均年降雨量有明显增加的趋势。降雨量年际变化差异大小为薛家沟>上阳湾>开府>方山>圪洞。降雨年际差异越大,其与圪洞水文站典型径流的相关性越大;(2)在不同历史时期圪洞站径流量与前期降雨量的相关度均远高于其与降雨量的相关性。(3)北川河流域引起明显径流的前期降雨以小雨和中雨为主,单次径流量大多数在20 m^(3)/s以内。20世纪60-90年代次降雨引发明显径流的雨型主要是中雨,而21世纪以来引发明显径流的次降雨雨型主要是大雨和暴雨。研究结果能为北川河流域在其周围小流域有针对性地实施水土保持措施提供可靠的依据。In order to reveal the characteristics of rainfall and its influencing factors that cause typical runoff in Beichuan River basin,this study uses the least square method to simulate the relationship between typical runoff of Gedong Hydrologic Station and rainfall of different rainfall stations in adjacent small basins by sorting out the rainfall runoff data of Gedong Hydrologic Station in Beichuan River in different historical periods.The main conclusions are as follows;(1)The average annual rainfall in the Beichuan River basin has increased significantly since the 21st century.The interannual variation of rainfall is Xuejiagou>Shangyangwan>Kaifu>Fangshan>Gedong.The greater the interannual difference of rainfall,the greater the correlation between it and the typical runoff of Gedong Hydrologic Station;(2)In different historical periods,the correlation between the runoff of Gedong Station and the previous rainfall is much higher than that between the runoff and rainfall.(3)The early rainfall causing obvious runoff in Beichuan River basin is mainly light rain and moderate rain,and the single runoff is mostly within 20 m^(3)/s.In the 1960s and 1990s,the rainfall pattern that caused significant runoff was mainly moderate rain,while since the 21st century,the rainfall pattern that caused significant runoff was mainly heavy rain and rainstorm.The results can provide a reliable basis for the targeted implementation of soil and water conservation measures in the small watersheds around the Beichuan River Basin.

关 键 词：北川河 次降雨 典型径流 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV121.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]